| 生产性服务与农业创新：农时约束及环节异质性 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 刘家成,钟甫宁,徐志刚.生产性服务与农业创新：农时约束及环节异质性[J].科研管理,2022,43(12):135-143. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 刘家成 钟甫宁 徐志刚 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.南京财经大学 财政与税务学院，江苏 南京210023；
2.南京农业大学 经济管理学院，江苏 南京210095 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目：“时空规模经济视角下的粮食生产外包服务供给及机制研究”（72103088，202201—202412）；国家社会科学基金重大项目：“我国三大平原‘资源-要素-政策’相协调的粮食和生态‘双安全’研究”（20&ZD094，202101—202412）；南京农业大学中国粮食安全研究中心和江苏省高校现代粮食流通与安全协同创新中心的资助。 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 生产性服务带动创新是今后农业创新与发展的重要模式之一，理解其作用机制及适用条件意义重大。以水稻和玉米生产外包服务为例，考察农时约束下环节作业的“时间规模”对外包服务供给的影响，进而讨论服务带动型创新模式在粮食生产不同环节的适用性。耕整地、播种、收割环节由于有效作业窗口期较长、环节作业时点相对固定，且不同地区的作业时点依纬度变化呈现先后顺序规律，环节专业化作业的“时间规模”较大，从而服务带动型创新模式具有可推广性。而病虫害防治环节作业时间紧迫，作业时点固定性程度低，不同纬度地区作业时间前后相继的规律性较弱，使得该环节专业化作业的“时间规模”过小，外包服务供给不足有其必然性，服务带动型创新模式在此类环节应用的有效性较低，未来技术研发及土地规模化、连片化提升空间规模和分工生产率差是这类环节外包服务向更高水平方向发展的重要条件。
|
| 关 键 词： | 生产性服务 创新 时间规模 环节异质性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-29 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-01-06 |
Productive services and agricultural innovations:Farming season constraints and link heterogeneity |
| |
| Liu Jiacheng,Zhong Funing,Xu Zhigang.Productive services and agricultural innovations:Farming season constraints and link heterogeneity[J].Science Research Management,2022,43(12):135-143. |
| |
| Authors: | Liu Jiacheng Zhong Funing Xu Zhigang |
| |
| Institution: | 1. School of Public Finance and Taxation, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China;
2. College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; |
| |
| Abstract: | Productive service-driven innovation is one of the important modes of agricultural innovation and development in the future. It is of great significance to understand the mechanism and applicable conditions of this development mode. Taking the outsourcing service of rice and corn production as an example, on the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper constructs an econometric model and uses the OLS estimation method to investigate and verify the impact of farming season constraints on the supply of agricultural productive service, and then discusses the applicability of productive service driven innovation mode in different links of food production. From the perspective of the division of labor, the formation of a specialized service market which depends on the market scale is the premise of productive service-driven agricultural innovation. Agricultural production is a natural reproduction process. The market scale of its specialized operation includes two aspects: space market scale and time market scale. Different link farming season characteristics will lead to different market scales of specialized services. Due to the long effective operation period, relatively fixed link operation time, and the sequence of operation time in different regions according to latitude changes, the "time scale" of specialized operations in land preparation, sowing and harvesting is long, so the productive service driven innovation mode can be popularized in this kind of links. However, the "time scale" of specialized operation in pest control is too short due to the urgent operation period, low certainty of the operation time and weak regularity of operation time in different latitudes. In this kind of link, the shortage of productive service supply has its inevitability, and the applicability of productive service driven innovation mode is low. With the aging, feminization and part-time employment of the agricultural labor force, the demand for agricultural productive service will continue to rise in the future. How to take corresponding measures to promote the development of service supply may be an important content to be considered. First of all, creating conditions for mechanization is a necessary condition for deepening the division of labor within agriculture and driving agricultural innovation through productive service. China has a vast territory, and the natural environment and economic level vary greatly in different regions，limited by the topography, some areas are faced with the dilemma of using large machinery with high efficiency loss and using small machinery with low relative income. At this time, appropriate government intervention and support are needed. According to the topography, differential subsidy measures and subsidy intensity are taken for the same type of machinery or the same link of productive service, which is conducive to the promotion and application of agricultural production machinery. Secondly, free public training courses on mechanical operation and maintenance are provided for local agricultural machinery operators to further improve the efficiency of professional services and strengthen the comparative advantages of productive service. In addition, making full use of the opportunity of land transfer at this stage, encourage village collectives to guide farmers to unify the planting structure of adjacent plots, so as to create conditions for productive service organizations to fully obtain service scale economy, and so on. All these measures will contribute to developing the regional productive service supply to a higher level. |
| |
| Keywords: | productive outsourcing service innovation time scale link heterogeneity |
|
| 点击此处可从《科研管理》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《科研管理》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
