| 互联网、行业竞争程度与创新效率 |
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| 引用本文： | 汪芳,石鑫.互联网、行业竞争程度与创新效率[J].科研管理,2022,43(9):119-126. |
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| 作者姓名： | 汪芳 石鑫 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.武汉理工大学 经济学院，湖北 武汉430070；
2.湖北省科技创新与经济发展研究中心，湖北 武汉430070；
3.华中科技大学 经济学院，湖北 武汉430074 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金项目：“创新创业带动就业的有效性与协同性研究”（19BJY057,2019.06—2022.06）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金：“湖北省制造业高质量发展水平的测度与驱动机制研究”（2020VI090，2020.01—2021.12）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文基于中国制造业细分行业的数据对创新效率进行测算，实证考察行业中互联网的使用对创新效率的影响，并选取行业竞争程度作为门槛变量，以分析行业竞争程度如何影响互联网与创新效率的关系。研究发现：互联网的使用对创新效率具有促进作用，考虑到可能存在内生性问题，经过一系列稳健性检验后该结论依然成立。门槛效应检验结果显示：当行业竞争程度较强时，存在逃离竞争效应，即互联网对创新效率存在促进作用；随着竞争程度的减弱，促进作用也逐渐减弱；当竞争程度超过第二个门槛值时，即竞争程度较低时，这种促进作用转为抑制作用。研究结论对如何更有效地利用“互联网+”推动传统制造业转型升级具有重要现实意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 互联网 制造业 创新效率 竞争 门槛效应 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-10-14 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-06-30 |
The relationship among the Internet,industry competition intensity and innovation efficiency |
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| Wang Fang,Shi Xin.The relationship among the Internet,industry competition intensity and innovation efficiency[J].Science Research Management,2022,43(9):119-126. |
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| Authors: | Wang Fang Shi Xin |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Economics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China;
2. Hubei Provincial Research Center for Scientific & Technological Innovation and Economic Development, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China;
3. School of Economics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; |
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| Abstract: | Promoting a shift in the mode of economic development to the innovation-driven model is an important way for China′s economy to achieve high-quality development. However, the double-low dilemma of "low quality and low efficiency" in manufacturing innovation has not only hindered the improvement of the efficiency of the utilization of R&D resources, but also constrained China′s economic development towards a high-quality economy. At the same time, the degree of integration between the manufacturing industry and the Internet is increasing. This paper attempts to study whether the application of the Internet in the manufacturing industry can break the dilemma of "innovation inefficiency" from the perspective of innovation efficiency. To provide theoretical and empirical support for deepening the integration of manufacturing and Internet development.
Through a review of the relevant literature, it is possible to qualitatively summarize the possible impact of the Internet on innovation efficiency: First, the biggest change brought about by the Internet is information, including the analysis and flow of information. At the level of knowledge structure, the Internet has greatly improved information asymmetry. Second, enterprises can quickly access low-cost technical resources and knowledge for research and development activities through the Internet, thus improving the efficiency of research and development. Third, firms, consumers, and research institutions are closely integrated through the Internet platform, which improves the efficiency of matching innovation activities. In short, the Internet facilitates the rapid flow of information, the efficient spillover of knowledge and the accelerated updating of technology, which increases the efficiency of innovation in industries. By building an innovation platform, firms can access innovation resources at lower cost, thus improving innovation efficiency. However, the discussion is mostly at the theoretical level and is still lacking empirical evidence.
This paper measures the innovation efficiency based on the data of Chinese manufacturing industry segments, empirically examines the role of Internet use on innovation efficiency in the industry, and selects the degree of industry competition as the threshold variable, in order to analyze how the degree of industry competition affects the relationship between Internet and innovation efficiency.
This paper draws the following conclusions: Firstly, the increased use of the Internet in the industry has significantly improved the efficiency of innovation in the Chinese manufacturing sector, and the findings remain robust after a series of robustness and endogeneity tests. Deeper integration of the manufacturing industry and the Internet can promote knowledge spillover with lower information search and matching costs, increase the industry′s knowledge stock, and boost the industry′s innovation efficiency. It can be seen that the use of the Internet in industry is another source of driving innovation capacity enhancement in addition to human and physical capital investment.
Secondly, the role of the use of the Internet in innovation efficiency is influenced by the degree of competition in the industry. When the industry is highly competitive, there is a catalytic effect of the Internet on innovation efficiency, i.e. there is an innovation effect of flight from competition. However, as the level of competition decreases, so does the incentive effect. When the level of competition exceeds the second threshold, this facilitative effect turns into a disincentive effect. This may be because, when the intensity of competition within an industry is stronger, it indicates that more firms are entering this market, resulting in more knowledge spillovers and lower learning costs between firms, which is conducive to more efficient innovation. |
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| Keywords: | Internet manufacturing innovation efficiency competition threshold effect |
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