| 淡水生态系统中的复杂性问题 |
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| 作者姓名： | 沈韫芬 蔡庆华 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院水生生物研究所, 淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室, 武汉, 430072 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2002CB412310)、国家自然科学基金(39730070、30070153)、中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-SW-12)、中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-SW-111)和中国科学院水生生物研究所知识创新工程领域前沿项目基金资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 淡水生态系统中的复杂性问题,可由水体类型的复杂性,水体形成的复杂性,水生生物的多样性,以及生态系统结构、功能的复杂性和格局、过程的复杂性,流域影响的复杂性,人类干扰的复杂性等构成.简要介绍了中国淡水生态学研究的某些进展与动态,并针对淡水生态学研究所面临的主要问题--湖泊富营养化和蓝藻水华上暴发的相关研究作了介绍;结合国际生态学研究的最新动态,还探讨了淡水生态学研究可能的发展方向.淡水生态系统复杂性研究可能取得的进展有如下几个方面:RCC (river continuum concept河流连续统)理论,以IBI (index for biotic integrity生物完整性指数)和IWI (index of watershed indicators)等为代表的生态系统健康研究,scaling(尺度推绎)与fractal(分形),生态系统管理与信息系统,空间数据分析与异质性,数学模型与混沌等.
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| 关 键 词： | 生态复杂性 淡水生态系统 富营养化 蓝藻水华 数学模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2002-03-26 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002-07-15 |
Complexity in Freshwater Ecosystems |
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| Authors: | Shen Yunfen Cai Qinghua |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China |
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| Abstract: | Freshwater ecosystem is of much complexity because of such reasons as: watertype complexity, waterbody formation complexity, biodiversity, ecosystem structure and its function, ecosystem patterns and progress complexity, the complexity of watershed influence and the complexity of human being interference etc. Some advances and trends on freshwater ecology in China are introduced here and other related studies on the main problem--eutrophication of lakes and algal blooms faced in freshwater ecosystem as well. In association with the update trends in international ecology, the prospect of freshwater ecology is discussed. On complexity of freshwater ecology, much progress may be made in the following: RCC (River continuum concept) theory, study on ecology health by way of IBI (Index for Biotic Integrity) and IWI (Index of Watershed Indicators), scaling and fractal, ecosystem management and information system, spatial data analysis and heterogeneity, mathematical model and chaos etc. |
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| Keywords: | ecological complexity freshwater ecosystem eutrophication water blooms mathematical model |
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