| 国家高新区设立对高技术产业发展影响实证研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 司增绰,曹露玉.国家高新区设立对高技术产业发展影响实证研究[J].科研管理,2022,43(5):113-120. |
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| 作者姓名： | 司增绰 曹露玉 |
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| 作者单位： | 江苏师范大学商学院，江苏 徐州221116 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金项目：“发挥产业支撑农村集体经济成长的基础性作用研究”(21BJY178)； |
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| 摘 要： | 本文运用双重差分法研究国家高新区设立对高技术产业发展的影响。整体看高新区设立显著促进了高技术产业发展。据高新区所属地城市发展水平、城市所在地区和高新区自身所处生长周期不同，进行了异质性检验，发现二线及以下城市高新区设立对高技术产业发展影响显著，一线城市高新区设立对高技术产业发展没有显著影响；中部地区城市高新区设立能够有效促进高技术产业发展，东部和西部地区城市高新区设立不显著；初创期和发展期高新区设立有效推动高技术产业发展，成熟期的效果不显著。因此提出建议：充分发挥国家高新区设立对高技术产业发展的导向作用；因地制宜加强高新区质量建设，提升高技术企业创新能力；高技术产业发展不能仅依赖高新区政策，要综合考虑多方面因素。
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| 关 键 词： | 国家高新区 高技术产业 双重差分 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-21 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-02-23 |
An empirical study on the impact of national high-tech zone establishment on the development of high-tech industries |
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| Si Zengchuo,Cao Luyu.An empirical study on the impact of national high-tech zone establishment on the development of high-tech industries[J].Science Research Management,2022,43(5):113-120. |
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| Authors: | Si Zengchuo Cao Luyu |
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| Institution: | School of Commerce, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China |
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| Abstract: | Along with the rapid economic development, China has become the second largest economy in the world. In order to further promote the leapfrog development of the economy, the field of high-tech industry will certainly become one of the important breakthrough points for economy development. Over the years, China has always attached great importance to the development of high-tech industries and has issued many incentive policies. Among them, the national high-tech zones policy is one of the earliest and most important policies for the development of high-tech industries in China. As an important platform for the development of high-tech industries, national high-tech zones provide many supports for enterprises in the zones, including tax incentives, talent subsidies, bank credits, etc. National high-tech zones have realized the clustering of high-tech industries, accelerated the speed of knowledge and technology dissemination among high-tech enterprises, and facilitated the realization of innovative development of enterprises. The national high-tech zone policy has been implemented for more than thirty years, and by now, more than half of the prefecture level cities have national high-tech zones. What kind of realistic role high-tech zones play in the development of high-tech industries in each city has become a question worth exploring.
In this paper, we use panel data of 284 prefecture-level cities from 2003-2018 to analyze the impact of national high-tech zones on the development of high-tech industries through the difference-in-differences method. The results show that the national high-tech zone policy significantly promotes the development of high-tech industries in the cities where they are located. China is a vast country with many cities, and different cities and regions differ greatly in economy, social and culture, which may lead to different effects of high-tech zones on the development of high-tech industries in different cities. In addition, national high-tech zones are established in batches, and the years of establishment may also be an important factor affecting the effect of high-tech zones.
In order to further explore the difference of the influence of high-tech zones with different conditions on high-tech industries, this paper conducts three heterogeneity tests according to city rank, region and growth cycle. From the perspective of cities, the role of national high-tech zones on the development of high-tech industries varies depending on the development level of the city where they are located, showing the law of "diminishing marginal utility". With the improvement of the city′s comprehensive level, the significance of high-tech zones on the development of high-tech industries shows an inverted "U" shape of increasing firstly and then weakening. High-tech zones in second-tier cities and below have significant effects on high-tech industry development, among which, the policy effect of high-tech zones in third-tier cities is the most significant, followed by fourth and fifth-tier cities, the effect of high-tech zones in second-tier cities on high-tech industry is the weakest, while high-tech zones in first-tier cities have no significant effect on high-tech industry development.
From the perspective of region, the economic development in the western region falls behind, lacking the basic conditions required for the development of high-tech industries, and the policy effect of high-tech zones in cities in this region is not significant. The high-tech industry in the cities in the central region has achieved certain development and still has more room for development, and the establishment of high-tech zones can effectively enhance the development of high-tech industry in the cities in this region. The high-tech industries in cities in the eastern region started early and developed relatively maturely, and the establishment of high-tech zones did not have a significant effect on the development of high-tech industries in the eastern cities. From the perspective of the life cycle in which the high-tech zones are located, the high-tech zones in the start-up and development stages effectively promote the development of high-tech industries, while the policy effect of high-tech zones in the mature stage is not significant. |
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| Keywords: | national high-tech zone high-tech industry difference-in-differences (DID) China |
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