| GPT技术变革对基础科学研究的影响分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙蒙鸽,韩涛,王燕鹏,黄雨馨,刘细文.GPT技术变革对基础科学研究的影响分析[J].中国科学院院刊,2023,38(8):1212-1224. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙蒙鸽 韩涛 王燕鹏 黄雨馨 刘细文 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院 信息资源管理系 北京 100190 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金项目（22BTQ019），国家自然科学基金重点项目（72234005） |
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| 摘 要： | 以 ChatGPT为代表的 GPT生成式大模型发展日益蓬勃，引起了学界和业界的广泛讨论，对基础科研的发展带来了难以估量的影响。文章首先梳理了 GPT技术革命的发展历程，并讨论了该技术在科学研究中带来的新变革。然后，基于应用牵引、原理驱动、创新主体迁移 3个视角，讨论了 GPT技术革命对基础科学研究带来的影响及对我国的发展建议。研究认为 GPT技术固然可以对知识生产、科学研究等方面发挥积极作用，甚至促进科研范式变革，但也可能造成科研不端、削弱研究可信度、放大互联网固有偏见、知识产权“卡脖子”等问题。因此，本研究最后讨论了如何基于 GPT技术发展我国的基础科学研究，明确在投资与研发国家自主可控、受知识产权保护的数据与计算平台的同时，鼓励人机协作与科研诚信监管并重，为人工智能（AI） 推动基础科学发展营造公开透明的环境。本研究旨在为政策制定者、一线研究工作者理解 GPT技术对于基础科学的影响提供理解视角，推进GPT技术的合理使用，并为未来学术生态的健康发展提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | ChatGPT 大语言模型 基础科学 科研诚信 科研生态 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/7/29 0:00:00 |
Impact analysis of GPT technology revolution on fundamental scientific research |
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| SUN Mengge,HAN Tao,WANG Yanpeng,HUANG Yuxin,LIU Xiwen.Impact analysis of GPT technology revolution on fundamental scientific research[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2023,38(8):1212-1224. |
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| Authors: | SUN Mengge HAN Tao WANG Yanpeng HUANG Yuxin LIU Xiwen |
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| Institution: | National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;Department of Information Resources Management, School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China |
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| Abstract: | The generative large model GPT represented by ChatGPT is developing rapidly, which has aroused extensive discussion in academic circle and the industry and has an incalculable impact on foundational scientific research development. The study first sorts out the development of the GPT technological revolution, and discusses the new changes brought about by this technology in scientific research. Then, based on the three aspects of application status, core principles and innovation subjects, the impact of the GPT technological revolution on basic scientific research and its development suggestions for China are discussed. The study believes that GPT technology can certainly play a positive role in knowledge production, improve scientific research efficiency, and even promote scientific research paradigm changes, but it may also cause scientific research misconduct, weaken research credibility, and amplify the inherent bias of the Internet and other issues. Therefore, the study discusses how to develop Chinese foundational scientific research based on GPT technology. On the one hand, investing in the research and development of data and computing platforms that are independently controllable by the country and protected by intellectual property rights. On the other hand, emphasizing humancomputer collaboration and scientific research integrity supervision to create an open and transparent environment for Al development. In short, this study aims to provide policymakers and front-line researchers with an understanding perspective on the impact of GPT technology on fundamental science, promote the rational use of GPT technology, and provide a reference for the healthy development of the future academic ecology. |
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| Keywords: | ChatGPT large language model fundamental science scientific research integrity scientific research ecology |
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