Consolidation and protection by nanolime: Recent advances for the conservation of the graffiti,Carceri dello Steri Palermo and of the 18th century lunettes,SS. Giuda e Simone Cloister,Corniola (Empoli) |
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| Institution: | 1. Dipartimento di Chimica e Consorzio CSGI, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy;2. Dipartimento di Chimica “S. Cannizzaro”, Università degli Studi di Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Parco d’Orléans, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy;1. Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, Piazzale E. Pontieri 1, 67100 Monteluco di Roio, Roio Poggio, L’Aquila (AQ), Italy;2. Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy;3. Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy;4. CNR-IOM, Institut Laue Langevin, 71, rue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France;1. Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera Km. 1, ES-41013, Seville, Spain;2. Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial II, laser Applications laboratory, Universidade da Coruña, C/ Mendizabal s/n, ES-15403 Ferrol, Spain;1. Heritage & Architecture Section, Faculty of Architecture, TU Delft, Julianalaan 134, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands;2. Division of Structural Reliability, TNO, Van Mourik Broekmanweg 6, 2628 XE, Delft, The Netherlands;3. Building Division, LNEC, Av. do Brasil 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal;4. Materials Division, LNEC, Av. do Brasil 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal;1. Departamento de Arquitectura y Tecnología de la Edificación, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain;2. National Center of Reference for Chemical VET, Cartagena, Spain;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600025, India;2. Department of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering, Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu 629004, India;3. Department of Civil Engineering, CMR Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560037, India;4. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Francis Xavier Engineering College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627003, India |
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| Abstract: | Nanolime dispersed in 2-propanol was extensively used for the consolidation of wall paintings. The knowledge of the advances of this methodology dealing with all the possible effects associated with the nanolime new material in conservation is fundamental to assess and improve the technique. In this paper, four different dispersions of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles were characterised by Small Angle X-rays Scattering technique (SAXS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) in order to achieve information on size, shape, polydispersity, agglomeration, and crystal structure (by SAED patterns) of the particles. Once characterised, the dispersions were tested in two different case studies, the Carceri dello Steri in Palermo with their graffiti and the 18th century lunettes at the SS. Giuda e Simone Cloister, Corniola (Empoli) with their lime-based mural paintings. The treated samples were characterised in relationship to either their morphology and surface chemical composition by Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-rays spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), or their water absorption and mechanical properties (resistance to material abrasion). The results obtained showed that all the dispersions were nanometrically structured and their application succeeded in recovering the mechanical properties of the painting or graffito layers, not altering their permeability to water and keeping perfectly the wall transpiration. However, the dispersions constituted of the nanoparticles obtained via a synthesis able to control size and shape of the Ca(OH)2 particles resulted in a better performance in situ, even if the differences found by SAXS and TEM were slight. |
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| Keywords: | Nanoscience Nanotechnologies Wall paintings conservation Nanolime Consolidation Porous materials |
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