| 关中地区城市干旱脆弱性评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 喻忠磊,杨新军,石育中.关中地区城市干旱脆弱性评价[J].资源科学,2012,34(3):581-588. |
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| 作者姓名： | 喻忠磊 杨新军 石育中 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北大学城市与环境学院,西安,710127 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目：“旅游社会-生态系统脆弱性及其适应演化机制研究”(编号：41171127)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 城市干旱脆弱性是指城市系统对城市干旱的敏感性以及由于缺乏应对能力而使系统易于遭受损失的性质和状态;对城市干旱脆弱性及其主要贡献因子的评价分析是城市应对干旱扰动的基础。文章从城市干旱敏感性和应对能力出发构建脆弱性评价系统;在＂基于区域的综合脆弱性＂评价框架下,利用熵值法和贡献度模型,根据关中地区2009年水资源与社会经济统计数据,对关中5市的干旱脆弱性及其主要贡献因子进行分析。结果显示：①渭南、铜川、西安和宝鸡市干旱脆弱性处于中等水平,咸阳市干旱脆弱性水平较低;②关中平原城市干旱脆弱性空间分异与社会经济发展水平差异并不严格一致,敏感性与城市化水平呈正向关系,应对能力同时受社会经济发展和自然因素影响,但自然资源因素发挥着更大作用;③各市干旱脆弱性指标层主要贡献因子各不相同,但呈趋同态势,突出表现在社会干旱敏感性以及应对干旱的技术、自然资源禀赋等因子上。最后,根据评价结果提出相应措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 城市干旱 脆弱性 贡献度 关中地区 |
Evaluation of Urban Vulnerability to Drought in Guanzhong Area |
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| YU Zhonglei,YANG Xinjun and SHI Yuzhong.Evaluation of Urban Vulnerability to Drought in Guanzhong Area[J].Resources Science,2012,34(3):581-588. |
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| Authors: | YU Zhonglei YANG Xinjun and SHI Yuzhong |
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| Institution: | College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China |
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| Abstract: | With the great change of global climate and urbanization, drought is becoming a more and more urgent problem that affects human beings. Cities are especially suffering the threat of drought. Therefore, it is of great significance to study how urban cities cope with drought to ensure sustainable development. The concept of vulnerability provides a wonderful lens for us to make an in-depth analysis of this problem. This paper claims that Urban Vulnerability to Drought (UVD) refers to the sensibility of urban system to drought and a city's nature and state of suffering loss easily due to lacking response capacity. Evaluation analysis of Urban Vulnerability to Drought and the main contributing factors would be of great help to cities' coping with drought and achieving sustainable development. Therefore, this paper has established an evaluation system for UVD according to the connotation of UVD we have proposed. Besides, in the framework of regional comprehensive evaluation for vulnerability, it adopted the entropy-value method and contribution model to assess the urban vulnerability to drought in Guanzhong Area. This region, as the city concentration area located in the centre of Shanxi province, aggregates most of the population and industries in Shanxi but faces serious threat of drought. In this study, the data mainly come from the statistics of urban development and water use in this region in 2009. And the results show that: 1) the vulnerabilities of Weinan, Tongchuan, Xi'an and Baoji to drought are at an intermediate level, while Xianyang at a low level; 2) Xi'an is vulnerable to drought mainly resulting from the sensibility in social and ecological system, and Xianyang is vulnerable to drought mainly because of the social system's sensibility, while Weinan, Tongchuan and Baoji because of lacking abilities and resources for coping with drought. The main contributing factors are the drought sensibility and the natural and technical resources for copying with drought; 3) the spatial differentiation of UVD doesn't correspond with the discrepancy of social and economical development level in Guanzhong Plain and a positive correlation exists between UVD and the social and economical development. Moreover, the ability of coping with drought is affected by both human and natural factors, but is more determined by the latter. At the end of the paper, some measures relating to population, industrial restructuring, urban construction and environment management were proposed to reduce the urban vulnerability to drought. |
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| Keywords: | Urban drought Vulnerability Contribution Guanzhong Area |
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