| 重楼属植物的细胞地理学研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李恒,顾志建,纳海燕.重楼属植物的细胞地理学研究[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,1988,26(1):1-10. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李恒 顾志建 纳海燕 |
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| 作者单位： | (中国科学院昆明植物研究所，昆明) |
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| 摘 要： | 重楼属Paris有19种，分布于欧亚大陆。根据对本属所有种的染色体研究，重楼属染色体基数为5，核型的基本结构有两种形式：热带核型K2n＝2x=10=6m十4t和温带核型K2n=2x=10＝6m+4st或 6m+2st十2t。 热带核型的种(13种)分布在亚洲大陆的热带和亚热带；温带核型的种(6种)则出现在欧亚大陆的温带地域。重楼属的多倍体种的核型属温带核型，为本属的边陲种。四倍体种四叶重楼Paris quadrifolia分布在本属分布区的西端(欧洲)；日本重楼P.japonica是八倍体种，局限在属分布区的东端(日本)。全部热带核型的种都是二倍体种。其中海南重楼P.dunniana等较原始种类都集中在华南和中南半岛北部。作者认为，亚洲大陆北纬18°至北回归线的热带地域是重楼属的起源地，云贵高原至邛崃山地域拥有14种重楼和9种核型结构式(全属有13种核型结构式)，是重楼属的多样化中心，即现代分布中心。
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| 关 键 词： | 重楼属 细胞地理学 核型 |
Cytogeographic Study of the Genus Paris |
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| Li Hen,Gu Zhi-Jian,Na Hai-Yan.Cytogeographic Study of the Genus Paris[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,1988,26(1):1-10. |
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| Authors: | Li Hen Gu Zhi-Jian Na Hai-Yan |
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| Institution: | (Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica) |
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| Abstract: | The Genus Paris L., distributed in Europe and Asia, is one of the genera of Trilliaceae. There are currently 19 recognized species. The karyological study indicates that basic number of the Paris species is X=5, and here are two kinds of the basic karyotypes: tropical type (K2n=2x=10=6m+4t), and temperate type (K2n=2x=10=6m+4st, or 6m+ 2st+2t). The species (13) with the tropical karyotype are distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions in Asia; the others with the temperate karyotype (6 species) occur in the temperate area of Eurasia. In the genus Paris, there are two peripheral species, which both have temperate karyotypes: tetraploid P. quadrifolia, in the western part of the overall range of the genus (Europe), and octaploid P. japonica, limited in the eastern part (Japan). All the species having tropical karyotypes are diploid. Among them, the more primitive ones such as P. dunniana, P. vietnamensis are concentrated in South China and the north of the Indo-China Peninsula. Examination of the geographical distribution of the species in the light of
the karyological data has led the authors to propose: Paris originated in the tropical area between 18°N and 23°27’N in Asia. 14 species, which together make up 74% of the total (with 10 different karyotypes), occur in the area from the Qionglei Mountains to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. With the greatest density of species in the area and their remarkable differences in chromosome ploidy and karyotypes, this region is without doubt the centre of modern distribution and differentiation of Paris. |
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| Keywords: | Paris Cytogeography Karyotype |
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