| 国外生物多样性经济价值评估研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐慧、彭补拙.国外生物多样性经济价值评估研究进展[J].资源科学,2003,25(4):102-109. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐慧、彭补拙 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京大学城市与资源学系,南京,210093 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家计委项目:“大别山水源涵养林区生态承载力与区域经济协调发展研究”，国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号 :4983 10 70 ) |
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| 摘 要： | 目前生物多样性正以前所未有的速度在全球范围内丧失，这使得生物多样性经济价值评估的理论和实践意义显得越来越重要。同时，由于生物多样性经济价值大多具有外部性、公共性和不确定性的特点，因而生物多样性经济价值的评估成为环境、资源与生态经济学研究的热点和难点。生物多样性通常包含基因、物种和生态系统3个层次。近十几年来，国外学者作了很多有关生物多样性经济价值评估的理论、方法及其应用的研究。本文从生物多样性经济价值的类型、评估方法和案例研究等方面综述了当前国外的研究状况以及存在的问题，详细讨论了国外流行的条件价值法及其在研究工作中的应用，旨在为我国生物多样性经济价值的评估提供理论和实践上的指导，从而服务于我国正蓬勃发展的生物多样性保护事业。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物多样性经济价值 市场价值法 代替市场法 条件价值法 进展 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588(2003)04-0102-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002年10月28 |
ADVANCES OF OVERSEAS STUDIES ON ECONOMIC VALUATION OF BIODIVERSITY |
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| XU Hui,PENG Bu zhuo.ADVANCES OF OVERSEAS STUDIES ON ECONOMIC VALUATION OF BIODIVERSITY[J].Resources Science,2003,25(4):102-109. |
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| Authors: | XU Hui PENG Bu zhuo |
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| Abstract: | The valuation of economic value of biodiversity becomes more and more meaningful in both theoretical and practical aspects. Besides, because of its externality, publicity and uncertainly, economic value of biodiversity becomes focus and difficult topic within the field of resource economics, ecological and environmental economics. Overseas scholars have done a lot of researches on the theories, methods and applications related to the problem lately. Biodiversity generally includes three levels as genetics, species and ecosystem. The paper reviews the studies of value types, valuation techniques and typical study cases in the western countries. Use values and non use values are two major value types of biodiversity. Use values include direct and indirect use values and non use values include option values, bequest values and existent values. Valuation methods are divided into three kinds including market valuation method, alternative market method and contingent valuation method. We focus on the contingent valuation method and its application, and particularly expatiate its superiority and deficiency and disputation in the academic circle. Representative applying studies are summarized according to the value types, and one CVM study case about forestry biodiversity conservation in South East Australia is put forward. Finally, the status of economic valuation of biodiversity is analyzed and the deficiency and inspiration are pointed out for future studies in China. |
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| Keywords: | Economic value of biodiversity Market valuation method Alternative market method Contingent valuation method Advances |
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