| 中国裸子植物分布区的研究(1)——松科植物的地理分布 |
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| 引用本文： | 应俊生.中国裸子植物分布区的研究(1)——松科植物的地理分布[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,1989,27(1):27-38. |
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| 作者姓名： | 应俊生 |
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| 作者单位： | (中国科学院植物研究所，北京) |
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| 摘 要： | 松科是裸子植物中最大的科，共有10属，约240种。我国有9属，约119种，其中2属
为我国特有属，67种为特有种。 本文概述了我国松科各属的水平分布和垂直分布规律；对各
属分布区进行了对比分析。除油杉属和松属外，其余各属的分布，既不深入到极为干旱的地
区，也不深入到热带山区。本文提出川西滇北地区是松科大部分属的发展中心，同时讨论了某
些属的分布区的退却变化。本文还认为，在目前该科化石资料不十分充足的条件下，要确定松 科及其各属的起源中心，可能性是不大的。
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| 关 键 词： | 地理分布 松科植物 中国 |
Areography of the Gymnosperms of China (1) Distribution of the Pinaceae of China |
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| Ying Tsun-Shen.Areography of the Gymnosperms of China (1) Distribution of the Pinaceae of China[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,1989,27(1):27-38. |
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| Authors: | Ying Tsun-Shen |
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| Institution: | (Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Beijing) |
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| Abstract: | Nine of 10 genera and 119 of approximately 240 species of the Pinaceae occur
in China, including 67 endemic species and two endemic genera.
In this paper, the distributional maps of all the genera of the Pinaceae are presented (fig.
1-8). The horizontal and vertical distributions of species in each genus are discussed.
The analysis of the distribution patterns of the genera indicates that some genera, such as
Keteleeria, Tsuga, Pseudotsuga, Cathaya and Pseudolarix, are restricted to the area south of the
Qinling Mountains and the Huaihe River, and the others, i. e. Picea, Abies, Larix and Pinus,
extend northward to northeastern China. However, all of the genera except Keteleeria and Pinus
are not found in very dry areas and tropical mountainous regions of China.
The monotypic genera, Cathaya and Pseudolarix, are distributed in eastern and central
China. The genus Keteleeria consists of 10 species, 7 of which are concentrated in southern
Guizhou, northern Guangxi, southwestern Hunan and easternmost Yunnan. The distribution of
the remaining 6 genera shows the maximum concentration in western Sichuan and northwestern
Yunnan. (Figs. 2-8). Furthermore, more than third of species of the Pinaceae (37.8%) are
also concentrated in western Sichuan and northwestern Yunnan. where a great variety of ha-
bitats and different topographic features occur. It is apparent that to conduct our systematic and
evolutionary studies on this family in these region is especially needed.
The relations between the areal size and the tolerance of species are discussed. The distri-
butions of macrofossils and microfossils of the genera of the Pinaceae ia China are given, and
it has been proved that areas of most genera of the family were considerably larger in the past.
than at present. |
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| Keywords: | Geographic distribution Pinaceae China |
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