The use of lysosomal enzymuria in the early detection and monitoring of the progression of diabetic nephropathy |
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| Authors: | Donatien Gatsing Ibrahim Hassan Garba Godwin I Adoga |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon;(2) Chemistry Programme, School of Science, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria;(3) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Nigeria |
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| Abstract: | Recent acquisitions on the early detection and monitoring of the progression of diabetic complications (nephropathy) using
the techniques of enzymology (lysosomal enzymes) are reviewed. it appears that the kidney is the principal source of urinary
lysosomal enzymes. Urinary samples for lysosomal enzyme determination can be either 24-hour or spot-collection. The use of
synthetic substrates (4-methylumbelliferyl substrates) provides an easy, inexpensive, sensitive and highly reproducible method
of lysosomal enzyme assay. It is recommended that more than one enzyme be assayed in the process. The use of fractional enzyme
excretion (FEE) ratios is further recommended. The urinary lysosomal glycosidases investigated and found to be of particular
diagnostic value in the early detection of diabetic nephropathy include N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (β-hexosaminidase, NAG),
β-glucuronidase and β-galactosidase, with NAG being the most useful indicator. Urinary NAG can be used in monitoring the progression
of diabetic nephropathy. The fluorimetric assay of lysosomal glycosidases is particuarly recommended in developing countries
since it is simple, sensitive and inexpensive. |
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| Keywords: | Lysosomal enzymuria diabetic nephropathy N-acetyl-β -D-glucosaminidase |
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