| 当前美国教育改革的观念与趋势 |
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| 引用本文： | 王晓阳.当前美国教育改革的观念与趋势[J].教育研究,2012(3):140-145. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王晓阳 |
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| 作者单位： | 清华大学教育研究院高等教育研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 面对全球化、知识经济、移民问题等的挑战,美国力图通过改革来解决公立中小学教育的质量问题以提高未来劳动力素质和全球竞争力。改革的主导观念与制度涵盖教育质量、教育标准、问责制、择校制、入学能力、支付能力等方面。奥巴马政府主导下的美国教育改革呈现五大趋势:从强调公平转变到更加强调质量;从强调改革转变到改革与投入并重;从鼓励各州发挥灵活性转变到更加注重发挥联邦政府的协调作用;从把教师作为改革对象转变到作为改革同盟军;从注重标准测验结果转变到更加注重教师、课程、教学,注重改革测验方式,努力改善教学效果。
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| 关 键 词： | 美国教育改革 教育质量 奥巴马 |
On the Ideas and Trends of Educational Reform in the Present U. S. |
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| Wang Xiaoyang.On the Ideas and Trends of Educational Reform in the Present U. S.[J].Educational Research,2012(3):140-145. |
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| Authors: | Wang Xiaoyang |
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| Institution: | Wang Xiaoyang,Director and associate professor of Institute of Higher Education,Tsinghua University (Beijing 100084) |
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| Abstract: | Facing challenges of globalization,knowledge economy and immigrant problems,U.S. federal government tries to solve the problem of educational quality in the public schools by reform,so as to improve the quality of labor and global competition. The dominant ideas and systems include educational quality,educational standard,accountability, school choice,accessiblity,affordablility,etc. The educational reform of Obama government has shown the five trends as follows:from emphasizing equality to emphasizing more quality;from emphasizing reform to equally emphasizing reform and funding;from emphasizing encouraging each state to take initiatives and flexibility to more federal coordination;from taking teachers as reform objects to allies;from emphasizing standard test outcomes to teacher development,curriculum and teaching reform,and improving test methods and teaching effects. |
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| Keywords: | educational reform of U S educational quality Obama |
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