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Facilitating adaptation and intercultural contact: The role of integration and multicultural ideology in dominant and non-dominant groups
Institution:1. University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK;2. Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;3. Queen''s University, Kingston, Canada;4. National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia;1. LUMSA University of Rome, Department of Human Sciences, Italy;2. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Communication and Economics, Italy;3. University of Torino, Department of Psychology, Via Verdi 10, 10124, Torino, Italy;4. University of Padova, Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Italy;5. University of Torino, Department of Psychology, Italy;1. National Research University Higher School of Economics, Myasnitskaya Street, 20, Moscow 101000, Russia;2. Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7, Canada;1. National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russian Federation;2. Tilburg University, The Netherlands;3. University of Queensland, Australia;4. North-West University, South Africa
Abstract:Research on acculturation has documented that adaptation to a receiving society is affected by both the immigrants’ acculturation strategies and the dominant group's expectations about how immigrants should acculturate. However, the acculturation expectations have received relatively less attention from researchers, and support for multiculturalism has rarely been examined from the perspective of immigrants. The present study used the framework of the Mutual Intercultural Relations in Plural Societies (MIRIPS) project to investigate the acculturation experiences and intercultural relations in Hong Kong by incorporating mutual views of both the dominant and non-dominant groups. It also tested the mediating role of the dominant group's tolerance towards different cultural groups and the non-dominant group's perceived discrimination. Two community samples were recruited, including Hong Kong residents (N = 181) and immigrants from Mainland China (N = 182). Among Mainland immigrants, the integration strategy predicted both psychological adaptation and sociocultural adaptation. Multicultural ideology predicted psychological adaptation and played a significant role in intercultural contact with Hong Kong people through the mediation of lower perceived discrimination. Among Hong Kong residents, the integration expectation predicted psychological adaptation. Multicultural ideology indirectly affected intercultural contact with Mainland immigrants through the mediation of greater tolerance. These results suggest that the integration strategy and expectation are more important to intrapersonal functioning, whereas multicultural ideology may be more crucial in facilitating social interactions between members of the society of settlement and immigrants in culturally plural milieus. Future research should test the proposed models of dominant and non-dominant groups in other cultures.
Keywords:Acculturation  Integration  Multiculturalism  Adaptation  Intercultural contact
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