| 2000-2011年中国主要旅游城市全要素生产率评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 马晓龙.2000-2011年中国主要旅游城市全要素生产率评价[J].资源科学,2014,36(8):1626-1634. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马晓龙 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国旅游研究院, 北京100005 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（编号：41101146） |
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| 摘 要： | 历时性绩效分析可以对一定时期决策单元的生产过程进行全面评价。城市是我国旅游产业发展的主要依托载体和基本行政单元，评价城市的旅游发展效率水平对不同类型城市选择针对性发展战略具有重要意义。基于数据包络分析方法（Data Envelopment Analysis，以下简称DEA）的相关模型，以曼奎斯特（Malmquist）指数为指标，对中国58个主要城市2000-2011年期间的旅游全要素生产率进行了评价。结果表明，该时期大多数城市的旅游全要素生产率及其分解的技术变化以增长为主要特征，但效率变化以下降为主要特征。且效率变化与全要素生产率的变化保持了高度的一致性，但从影响程度上看，技术变化对全要素生产率增长的贡献大于效率变化。从空间格局上看，西部地区城市旅游的全要素生产率水平高于东部地区、东北地区和中部地区；效率变化呈现出与全要素生产率变化一致的特征，但技术变化则呈现东部、东北、中部和西部依次递减的特征。本文从城市旅游发展的阶段特征出发，对上述结果形成的过程和机理进行了分析，认为旅游产业的低技术本质和区域经济发展的不平衡性是影响上述结构形成的根本原因。最后，将58个城市按照分解特性分为4个象限，并就每个象限城市的旅游发展策略进行了讨论。
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| 关 键 词： | 曼奎斯特指数 旅游城市 全要素生产率 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 9/3/2013 12:00:00 AM |
Evaluation of Tourism Total Factor Productivity for Chinese Primary Cities from 2000 to 2011 |
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| MA Xiaolong.Evaluation of Tourism Total Factor Productivity for Chinese Primary Cities from 2000 to 2011[J].Resources Science,2014,36(8):1626-1634. |
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| Authors: | MA Xiaolong |
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| Institution: | China Tourism Academy, Beijing 100005, China |
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| Abstract: | It is helpful to evaluate the process of decision making units(DMU)under periodical performance analysis. The urban unit is the basic municipal unit and important material carrier of tourism industry development. It is of great significance to evaluate urban tourism development efficiency levels under different urban development strategies. Based on Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) methods and the Malmquist Index(MI) as indicators, tourism total factor productivity(TTFP)of 58 primary cities from 2000 to 2011 was evaluated. We found that most cities' TTFP and their technology decomposition take increase as their characteristics, but most of their efficiency decompositions take decrease as their characteristics. When relationships are considered, the changing trend between efficiency and TTFP maintains the same characteristics. Contrary to this, when the impacts contribution is considered the impacts on TTFP from technology changes are higher than efficiency changes. Spatial characteristics of the three indices were also analyzed based on regional divisions and the majority of urban tourism total factors productivity take growth as the characteristics. However, some traditional tourist cities in central and western China showed a downward trend. Most cities' efficiency change declined, and growth emerged in small and medium-sized cities with a scattered distribution over the study period. All cities' technological change achieved different degrees of growth, but the growth rate showed a decreasing trend from eastern to western China. Finally, these primary cities are classified using their efficiency change and technology changes, and most belonged to the quadrant of technology change increase and efficiency changes decrease. Different quadrant types for urban tourism development strategy and suggestions for local governments are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Malmquist index tourism cities total factors productivity China |
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