| 同题异趣:从牡丹题材传统美术作品看审美趣味的文化分层 |
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| 作者姓名： | 周纪文 周雨沅 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东大学儒学高等研究院 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省社会科学基金项目“以礼乐思想为内核的传统工艺审美文化体系研究”(19CZWJ08)的阶段性成果。 |
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| 摘 要： | 在中国传统美术作品中,牡丹母题伴随着自上而下的赏花活动兴起,引发了皇家、文人、民间三个阶层的广泛兴趣,而三个阶层从社会地位与资源到文化心理和艺术观念上的差异,进一步导致了审美趣味的分野。在对艺术功能的认识上,文人牡丹以"美"为最高标准,而宫廷和民间则更重视其伦理价值;在对艺术之"真"的理解上,宫廷牡丹以"形似"即"物象之真"为最高追求,而文人和民间则更偏爱经由"神似"所折射出的"心灵之真"。从审美范畴上看,文人尚"清",宫廷主"雅",而民间则难以免"俗"。受此影响,皇家以富丽堂皇为美,尚工致,喜华贵;文人以气韵生动为美,好墨色,重机趣;民间以质朴健康为美,偏重彩,祈福佑。
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| 关 键 词： | 传统美术 牡丹题材 审美趣味 文化分层 |
Same Topic with Different Interests: Viewing Cultural Layers of Aesthetic Interests from Traditional Artworks of Peony Theme |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Ji-wen ZHOU Yu-yuan |
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| Institution: | (Advanced Institute for Confucian Studies,Shandong University,Ji’nan 250100,China) |
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| Abstract: | In traditional Chinese paintings,taking peony as the main theme has been flourished with the top-down activities of flower-appreciation,provoking wide interests among three social strata,the royal,the scholars and the commons,who were all different from the social status and resources to the cultural psychologies and artistic perceptions,resulting in the division of different aesthetic interests.In terms of the acknowledgment of the artistic function,the scholars took"beauty"as highest criteria of the peony,yet the royal and the commons thought highly of its ethic values.As for the understanding of"true",the royal regarded"resemblance in image"as its ultimate pursuit,yet the scholars and the commons gave their preference to the idea of"true in spirit"reflected by this resemblance.In the field of aesthetic categories,the scholars advocated"purity",the royal"elegance",and the commons could not evade themselves from"worldliness".Influenced by this,the royal took rich and splendor as beauty,who valued delicacy and luxury;the scholars regarded spirit resonance as beauty,who upheld colors and wits;the commons saw simpleness and health as beauty,who favored strong colors and took it as an auspicious sign. |
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| Keywords: | traditional arts peony theme aesthetic interests cultural layer |
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