| 入侵海洋微小生物快速监测应用技术研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙丹.入侵海洋微小生物快速监测应用技术研究[J].中国科技纵横,2010(6):267-268,263. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙丹 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海事大学海洋环境与安全工程学院,上海201306 |
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| 摘 要： | 针对船舶压载水携带微小生物导致物种入侵问题，国际海事组织（IMO）规定，可排放的压载水中10μm至50μm的可栓出存活生物的浓度应小于10cells／mL。常规显微镜检测方法要求生物量为10^6cells／mL较为适宜，生物量较低时需对微小生物扩增培养，耗时较长，满足不了快速检测的要求。针对低生物量检测问题，本研究采用自制硅铁复合絮凝剂，以人工培养的海洋微藻模拟船舶压载水中微小生物，对微藻进行絮凝富集和快速检测实验研究。研究结果表明，该絮凝剂具有良好的絮凝能力，对于细胞浓度分别为5．55×10^5cells／mL的异弯藻和1．99×10^6cells／mL的三角褐指藻，絮凝剂浓度分剐为0053μL／mL和0．027μL／mL时，絮凝效率都能达到91％以上；对藻细胞浓度低于10^6cells／mL系列浓度藻液的絮凝实验表明，该絮凝剂能实现对藻细胞浓度低于10cells/mL微藻的捕捉富集。该絮凝富集方法的使用。为船舶压载水中微小生物的快速检测提供了技术支持，在海洋入侵微小生物监测应用中具有一定可行性；
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| 关 键 词： | 絮凝剂 压载水 微小生物 快速监测 |
The Research of Rapid Monitoring Technology of Ocean Invasive Microorganisms |
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| Authors: | SUN Dan |
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| Institution: | SUN Dan (College of Ocean Environment ＆ Safety Eng., Shanghai Maritime Univ., Shanghai 200135, China) |
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| Abstract: | In views of species invasion problem led by microorganisms in ships＇ ballast water, the concentration of 10 microns to 50 microns survivals can be detected in the discharged ballast water should be less than 10 per milliliter, according to the International Maritime Organization （IMO）. Conventional microscope detection methods require biomass higher than 10^6cell/mL. It needs to amplify the biomass and can not satisfy the requirement of rapid detection when the biomass is low. With low biomass detect problems, this study used home-made Si-Fe inorganic polymer composite flocculent to flocculate and concentrate the artificial cultivated microalgae which simulated the microorganism in the ballast water. The findings indicate that this flocculant has good flocculation ability. When the cells concentrations of Heterosigma akashiwo （Hada） Hada and Phaeodactyhum tricornutum Bohlin are 5.55 ×10^6cell/mL and 1.99 ×10^6cell/mL espectively, and the concentration are 0.053 μL/mL and r0.027 μL/mL espectively, the flocculation efficiency both can reach to 91%. The flocculation experiments on a series of microaglae with the biomas is loWer than 10^4 cells/mL show that the microagla with the biomas is lower than 10 cells/mL can be captured by this home-made flocculent. As a rapid detection technology of microorganisms in the ships ballast water, the flocculation enrichment method has certain feasibility in the invasion ocean microorganism monitoring. |
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| Keywords: | Flocculent Ballast Water Microorganism Rapid Monitoring |
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