| 中国自然资源立法的反思及其完善 |
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| 引用本文： | 李龙亮.中国自然资源立法的反思及其完善[J].资源科学,2008,30(4):482-488. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李龙亮 |
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| 作者单位： | 重庆大学法学院,重庆,4000144 |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来，随着我国民主与法制建设的飞速发展，自然资源立法取得了一定成效，自然资源的开发、利用、保护和管理等方面基本实现了有法可依。然而，现行自然资源法存在立法理念明显滞后、立法体系不够合理、法律规范配置失衡、立法重心失之偏颇四大突出问题。为此，要提升立法理念，把可持续发展、生态中心主义与和谐共存的生态文明作为自然资源立法的灵魂；要完善立法体系，制定《自然资源法通则》、《资源节约与综合利用法》、《资源调控法》以及其他急需的资源单行法；要合理配置规范内容，增加权利性规范、程序性规范和可操性规定，完善促进资源优化配置和提高生态系统综合保护能力方面的规范；要建立健全资源调查与评估制度、资源安全影响评价制度、资源生态补偿机制、环境资源综合决策机制以及资源节约与综合利用的“三同时”制度等。
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| 关 键 词： | 资源立法 立法理念 可持续发展 生态文明 中国 资源立法 反思 完善 Natural Resources Legislation Improvement 评价制度 综合利用 决策机制 环境资源 补偿机制 资源生态 安全影响 评估制度 资源调查 性规范 保护能力 系统综合 优化配置 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588(2008)04-0482-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007年10月25 |
Outlook and Improvement of Legislation of Natural Resources in China |
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| LI Long-liang.Outlook and Improvement of Legislation of Natural Resources in China[J].Resources Science,2008,30(4):482-488. |
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| Authors: | LI Long-liang |
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| Abstract: | With the dramatic development of democratic and legislative systems in
China in recent years, natural resources Legislation has achieved quite achieve
ments, especially in exploitation, utilization, protection and management of nat
ural resources. However, we cannot say it is optimistic for the time being in th
e field of legislation of natural resources in that the following four causes. F
irst, the legislation philosophy is obviously out of date, Sustainable developme
nt is not the main notion of legislation of natural resources. The value of Huma
n Centralism is still widely existed. The philosophy of harmonious co existence
is not actually put into practice. Second, the legislation system is not reasona
ble, which the legislation of natural resources is mistakenly incorporated into
the system of environment protection laws, which is lacking of basic law of natu
ral resources. Third, the legislation system is unbalanced developed. On the one
hand, there are so many responsibilities regulations, entity regulations, publi
c law regulations and principle regulations. On the other hand, there are compar
atively less rights regulations, procedure regulations, private law regulations
and detailed regulations. Fourth, the current law fails to pay enough attention
to reasonable allocation of the natural resources, comprehensive utilization of
the natural resources and importance of safety of the natural resources. Therefo
re, it is need to correct or improve our work in the following four aspects:
1. To promote the legislation philosophy and set the philosophy of Ecology Orien
tation, sustainable development and civilization of harmonious co existence as
the spirit for all legislations of natural resources.
2. To complete the legislation system and make General Rules of Natural Resource
s and some urgent special enactments of natural resources, such as Law of Saving
and Comprehensive Utilization of Natural Resources, Law of Adjustment of Natura
l Resources, and the other necessary specific laws, etc.
3. To balance the object of legislation which add some rights regulations, proce
dure regulations and practical regulations while better some regulations on comp
rehensive utilization and protection of natural resources.
4. To establish related evaluation systems, such as Investigation and Evaluation
System of Natural Resources, Evaluation System on Impact of Safety of Natural R
esources, Compensation System of Natural Resources, Strategic Decision Making S
ystem on Natural Resources, Saveing and Comprehensive Utilization of Natural Reso
urces, etc. |
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| Keywords: | Legislation of natural resources Legislation philosophy Sustainable development Ecology civilization |
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