| 教育过程复杂性及对技术变革教育的制约 |
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| 引用本文： | 李怀龙,;李慧,;裴新宁.教育过程复杂性及对技术变革教育的制约[J].现代远程教育研究,2014(5):46-52. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李怀龙 ;李慧 ;裴新宁 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]华东师范大学; [2]淮北师范大学教育学院,安徽淮北235000; [3]华东师范大学学习科学研究中心,上海200062 |
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| 基金项目： | 全国教育科学“十二五”规划教育部重点课题“国际学习科学新进展及其对基础教育课程变革的影响--以发达国家或地区为例”（DDA120192）. |
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| 摘 要： | 复杂过程系统具有初始条件敏感、过程开放、目标多元三个基本特性。教育过程是一个复杂的过程系统，因为它实际上正是一个初始条件敏感，与环境有物质、能量与信息交流的，目标多元的开放系统。初始条件的多样与变异是构成教育过程复杂性的基本条件，过程中不确定变量的扰动导致教育过程的不断震荡，目标的多元与游离牵引着教育过程走向难以预测。这三者构成了教育过程的复杂性。教育过程的复杂性导致技术难以对教育过程给予预设的控制，也很难通过精确分析来设计和开发解决教育问题的通用方案，因而制约着技术化方式解决教育问题的可能与成效。不能过分夸大技术对教育变革的作用，运用技术变革教育需要依赖对教育过程复杂性的正确认识。教育过程的复杂性应是提出、认识和思考教育问题，制定解决教育问题策略方案的基本依据之一。利用技术为学习者构建个性化学习环境以及柔性教育方案乃是技术变革教育的可能途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 技术变革教育 教育过程 复杂性 复杂系统特征 制约因素 |
A Discussion on the Complexity of Educational Process and Its Restriction on Educational Reform |
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| Institution: | Li Huailong, Li Hui, Pei Xinning |
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| Abstract: | There are three basic attributes of the complex process system： initial condition sensitivity, open process and multi-object. The process of education is a complex process system, because it has the three basic attributes：sensitive initial condition, open process （there is an exchange of material, energy and information with its environment in the educational process.） and multiple objects. The diversity and variation of initial condition is the basic condition in the educational process. The perturbation of uncertain variable leads to continuous concussion of the educational process. And the multiple targets lead the educational process to the direction which is difficult to predict. These three factors constitute the complexity of educational process. In this case, it is difficult to give a predetermined control to the educational process with the help of technology, and is also very difficult to design a general scheme based on accurate analysis, hence to restrict the possibilities and effectiveness of solving the problem of education through technological methods. Therefore, it is not appropriate to exaggerate the role of technology in education reform. Instead, we should correctly understand the complexity of educational process which is one of the basic foundations for proposing, understanding and thinking educational issues as well as making strategies to resolve educational issues. It is a viable approach for the educational reform based on technology to construct a personalized learning environment and design a flexible education program for learners by means of technology. |
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| Keywords: | Educational Reform Based on Technology Educational Process Complexity Attributes of the Complex System Restriction Factor |
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