| 电子课本国际标准的发展与追踪调研 |
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| 引用本文： | 许哲,顾小清.电子课本国际标准的发展与追踪调研[J].现代远程教育研究,2014(1):62-71. |
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| 作者姓名： | 许哲 顾小清 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学教育信息技术学系,上海200062 |
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| 基金项目： | 全国教育科学“十二五”规划教育部一般课题“以‘语义图示’实现可视化知识表征与建模的理论与实践研究”（BCA120024）;教育部新世纪人才计划“基于个人数字终端的信息化创新应用研究：资源、服务及应用实例”（NCET-11-0140）. |
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| 摘 要： | 电子课本正在全球范围内掀起一阵热潮。然而，由于缺乏统一的标准，以及对数字化学习行业特性缺乏充分认识，当前的电子课本存在着从数字化阅读到数字化学习的鸿沟，尚不能有效满足教育领域的专业需求。因此．研发相应的电子课本标准以保障行业体系良性发展势在必行。2012年5月，电子课本国际标准成功立项。随后，起草者在全球范围内发起了一项“电子课本：范围和需求”调研，分中文、英文、韩语、日语、法语五个版本，主要从基础技术需求、关键需求、数字版权需求、用例征集四个方面，广泛听取国际声音以确保电子课本国际标准与各利益相关团体的需求相符。调研发现，欧洲电子课本项目eTernity、韩国KERIS数字课本项目以及中国信标委组织的电子课本标准项目是研究电子课本标准的三股核心力量；教育特定元数据、注释、重组和重序、交互性和学习支持等关键需求获得大部分人的认可，但是注释、重组和重序也有部分人表示不重要，尤其是重组和版权的平衡，是目前电子课本研究迫切需要解决的问题。各国虽然对电子课本有不同的观点和应用实践，但是努力方向一致。电子课本国际标准需要从国际化的视野考虑，在找出各国电子课本应用的共性与特性、以及在把握电子课本发展的总体趋势的基础上，尽可能提供一种通用性规范，同时又允许各个国家根据其现状进行自定义的拓展。
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| 关 键 词： | 电子课本 国际标准 关键需求 数字版权 追踪调研 |
Development of and Follow-Up Survey on the International Standards for E-Textbook |
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| Xu Zhe,Gu Xiaoqing.Development of and Follow-Up Survey on the International Standards for E-Textbook[J].Modern Distance Education Research,2014(1):62-71. |
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| Authors: | Xu Zhe Gu Xiaoqing |
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| Institution: | Xu Zhe, Gu Xiaoqing |
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| Abstract: | Currently, the E-Textbook, a typical new technology for learning innovation, is in the ascendant throughout the world. However, the lack of unified standards for E-Textbooks and appropriate understanding of the e-learning business leads to a huge gap between e-reading and e-learning, making present E-Textbooks unable to meet the specific requirements of e-education. Therefore, it is imperative to carry out research on E-Textbook standards to ensure the benign development of E-Textbooks in the long run. In May 2012, the E-Textbook standards project was approved in ISO/IEC JTC1/SC36. Subsequently, editors of the ISO/IEC 18120 project launched a five-language global survey called E-Textbook： Scope and Requirements in Chinese, English, Korean, Japanese and French, covering the four aspects of basic technologies, key education-specific requirements, digital copyrights and case recruitments, in order to ensure that the standards would meet the needs of various stakeholder communities. The findings of this survey indicate that： 1） There are three main forces in E-Textbook standard research： the European Eternity project, the Korean KERIS project and the Chinese CELTSC project. 2） Key requirements such as specific metadata, annotations and reorganization, interactivity and learning support were generally acknowledged, with some reservations on annotations and reorganization. 3） The balance between digital right management and reorganization was truly an urgent issue. Despite their diversity in standpoints and practices, different countries appear to endeavor in the same direction. An international vision is needed for the making of the international standards for E-Textbooks. Based on similarities and differences of E-Textbook application in different countries and the main trend of E-Textbook development, it is suggested that the standards should be made as universal as possible, while allowing custom extensions by various countries. |
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| Keywords: | E-Textbook International Standards Key Requirements Digital Copyright Follow-Up Survey |
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