| 论英语的作格性和及物性 |
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| 引用本文： | 蒋冰清.论英语的作格性和及物性[J].娄底师专学报,2009(3):117-119. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蒋冰清 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南人文科技学院外语系,湖南娄底417001 |
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| 摘 要： | 英语没有专门的语法标记来表示作格与受格的区别，所以英语往往被认为是一种非作格语言。但英语动词表现出来的在聚合关系上的差异却说明了英语及物性和作格性的客观存在性，像break这样既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词的动词为典型的作格动词，含有这种动词的结构往往为作格性结构，而像lose这样只有及物用法的动词为典型的及物动词，含有这种动词的结构往往为及物性结构。本文主要对作格性结构和及物性结构的语义特征及其词汇基础、句法特征等进行比较深入的探讨，以对英语的句法及动词的性质有更深入的了解，并为其他语言的研究提供新的视角。
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| 关 键 词： | 及物性 作格性 英语动词 |
On Ergativity and Transitivity in English |
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| Institution: | JIANG Bin-qing (Department of Foreign Languages, Hunan Institute of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417001, China) |
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| Abstract: | English is not considei＇ed an ergative language in traditional sense. But the paradigmatic difference between verbs like ＂lose＂ and ＂break＂ triggers the conceptual difference between transitivity and ergativity. Sentences like ＂He lost my book＂ denotes＇a transitive event in which the actor（he） acts upon the goal（ my book）, but sentences like ＂The rock broke the window＂ denotes an ergutive event in which the instigator（ the rock） acts upon the medium（ the window） and the medium（ the window） itself co-participatos in the whole process of breaking. The paper mainly explores the semantic and syntactic structures of ergativity and transitivity, which renders a better understanding of the nature of English grammar and offers a new perspective on studying language. |
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| Keywords: | transitivity ergativity English verbs |
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