| 基于社交媒体的突发公共卫生事件公众信息需求与危机治理研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨康,杨超,朱庆华.基于社交媒体的突发公共卫生事件公众信息需求与危机治理研究[J].情报理论与实践,2021(3):59-68. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨康 杨超 朱庆华 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京大学信息管理学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的/意义]新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情(简称新冠肺炎疫情)的全球蔓延引发了各领域学者对于突发公共卫生事件科学应对的思考。文章以新冠肺炎疫情为例,以微博为研究对象,旨在探讨突发公共卫生事件中公众的信息需求对于危机治理的影响机制。方法/过程]首先,对新冠肺炎疫情及微博舆情做出阶段划分,进而利用质性分析结合层次聚类法从微博文本数据中抽取公众信息需求并跟踪其演变,最终结合相关理论探索性地建立了突发公共卫生事件公众信息需求模型。结果/结论]突发公共卫生事件中公众的信息需求主要围绕风险认知、行为规范、情感、行为四个方面,通过社交媒体可以准确追踪公众信息需求并向公众提供所需信息,信息需求的满足最终促使公众自发参与危机治理。
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| 关 键 词： | 社交媒体 突发公共卫生事件 信息需求模型 应急管理 危机治理 新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情 |
Research on Public Information Demand and Crisis Management of Public Health Emergency Based on Social Media |
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| Abstract: | Purpose/significance]The global spread of the COVID-19 has triggered scholars in various fields to think about the scientific response to public health emergencies.This article takes the COVID-19 epidemic as an example and uses Weibo as the research object to explore the impact mechanism of public information needs on crisis management in public health emergencies.Method/process]First,we divide the COVID-19 pandemic and Weibo public opinion into several specific stages,and then use qualitative analysis combined with hierarchical clustering to extract public information needs from social media and track their evolution.Finally,we establish a public information demand model for public health emergencies based on related theories.Result/conclusion]The public’s information needs during public health emergencies are mainly centered on four aspects:risk perception,behavioral norms,emotions,and behavior.Social media can accurately track public information needs and provide the public with the required information.The satisfaction of the information needs ultimately prompts the public to participate spontaneously in crisis management. |
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| Keywords: | social media public health emergencies information demand model emergency management crisis management COVID-19 |
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