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| 基于特征参量调整法的中国省域生态足迹研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 荆治国,周杰,齐丽彬,解修平,郎海鸥,何忠,杨林海.基于特征参量调整法的中国省域生态足迹研究[J].资源科学,2007,29(5):9-15. |
| 作者姓名： | 荆治国 周杰 齐丽彬 解修平 郎海鸥 何忠 杨林海 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地球环境研究所,黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安,710075;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100049 2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所,黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安,710075 3. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨凌,712100;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100049 |
| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新工程项目 |
| 摘 要： | 本文以中国各省(市、自治区)2004年统计数据为基础,采用适合中国国情的生物生产性土地分类体系和世界自然基金会(WWF)发布的《Living Planet Report 2006》中最新的均衡因子,计算并分析了各省、直辖市、自治区和东部、西部、中部、东北四大经济板块2004年的生态足迹、各地区地均生态承载力及地区万元GDP生态足迹。引入了"地均生态承载力"概念,讨论了不同地区生态足迹和生态承载力与经济发展的关系,探讨了各地区自然资源环境和生态平衡的关系。将计算结果与1999年,2002年,2003年,2005年中国生态足迹进行了比较,就其异同进行了讨论。研究表明:2004年中国人均生态赤字为1.35hm2,省际人均生态足迹差异较大,地区生态足迹与经济发展程度具有明显相关性。本研究调整特征参量后,生态足迹法能够更好地反映中国的生态可持续发展现状。最后,结合各地区生态环境压力和经济发展水平,提出了促进可持续发展应采取的对策和措施。 |
| 关 键 词： | 生态足迹 生态承载力 可持续发展 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588（2007）05-0009-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-01-222007-04-23 |
Provincial Ecological Footprint of China based on haracteristic Parameters Adjustment |
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| JING Zhi-guo,ZHOU Jie,QI Li-bin,XIE Xiu-ping,LANG Hai-ou,HE Zhong and YANG Lin-hai.Provincial Ecological Footprint of China based on haracteristic Parameters Adjustment[J].Resources Science,2007,29(5):9-15. | |
| Authors: | JING Zhi-guo ZHOU Jie QI Li-bin XIE Xiu-ping LANG Hai-ou HE Zhong and YANG Lin-hai |
| Abstract: | Ecological footprint model is an effective method to evaluate the present situation of sustainable development of a nation or a region in quantitative way.This method tracks natural resources consumption of a region and translates them into biologically productive area,which is required to produce the resources and to assimilate the wastes.China is one of the most productive and consumptive countries in the world.Therefore,the current efficiency of natural resources utilization in China needs to be studied further with ecological footprint method.Based on Chinese statistical data in 2004,using the latest equivalent factors issued by World Wild Fund for nature(WWF) in Living Planet Report 2006 and the classification system of the biologically productive land suitable for the Chinese national condition,the ecological footprint,the ecological carrying capacity per hectare and the ecological intensity(the ecological footprint per 10,000 Yuan GDP) of China and its provinces were calculated and analyzed.The results showed that the ecological deficit of China was 1.35 hm~2 per capita in 2004,and a large proportion of ecological deficit came from the fossil energy consumption with 1.15 hm~2 per capita.So the non-renewable natural resources support our survival and development.Moreover,the great differences existed in different provinces ranging from 5.13 hm~2/cap ecological deficit in Shanghai to 9.07 hm~2/cap ecological surpluses in Tibet,which indicating an unbalanced regional development.By introduction of "Ecological carrying capacity per hectare",the relationships among ecological footprint,ecological carrying capacity and economic development,and the relationship between natural resources and ecological balance in local zones were discussed.It was found that there was a significant positive correlation between ecological footprint and economic development.And also the coastal cities had much greater ecological carrying capacity per hectare than the inland cities due to the marine production in the coastal cities.According to the pronouncement made by State Council,the inland has been divided into four economic regions(the East,the West,the Middle,and the Northeast) and eight integrative economic regions.For these four economic regions of China,the West's ecological intensity(2.19hm~2/10,000 Yuan) was the highest and its eco-efficiency,expressed by GDP value per hectare of footprint,was the lowest,which implied that the efficiency of natural resources utilization should be increased.At the same time,the Northeast had high eco-efficiency.However,the ecological deficit(2.18hm~2/cap) in the East was much greater than that in other regions.it is necessary to realize that decreasing the ecological footprint in developed regions had great influence on sustainable development in China.Of the eight integrative economic regions,the coastal integrative economic regions had the higher ecological footprint;and Southwestern integrative economic region had the highest ecological intensity.After all,the ecological intensity could reflect the regional development characteristics.In addition,comparing with the year of 1999,2002,2003 and 2005,the ecological footprint in 2004 could reflect the current conditions of ecological sustainable development of China better by adjusting the characteristic parameters.Considering the ecological environment pressure and the economic development of each economic region of China,the strategies increasing local sustainable development were also put forward. |
| Keywords: | Ecological footprint Ecological carrying capacity Sustainable development |
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