| 湖泊水生态系统健康评价指标研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张艳会,杨桂山,万荣荣.湖泊水生态系统健康评价指标研究[J].资源科学,2014,36(6):1306-1315. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张艳会 杨桂山 万荣荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所流域地理实验室, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京210008;中国科学院大学, 北京100049;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所流域地理实验室, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京210008;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所流域地理实验室, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京210008 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目（编号：2012CB417006） |
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| 摘 要： | 生态系统健康评价是当前宏观生态学与生态系统管理研究的热点问题之一。湖泊是地表重要的生态系统之一,但当今湖泊生态系统的功能在逐渐退化,对湖泊生态系统健康的评价尤为重要。而湖泊生态系统健康评价指标体系的构建是湖泊生态系统健康评价的前提。本文调研了20世纪80年代以来国内外湖泊生态系统健康评价的相关研究成果,从时间尺度、所用评价方法、湖泊受人类活动干扰强度、与江河的连通性、富营养化程度等不同角度对湖泊生态系统健康评价所用的指标进行系统梳理、总结与分析,并在此基础上阐述了湖泊生态系统评价具有代表性的指标浮游植物生物量(PB)、生态能质(Ex)等的内涵及其影响机制。最后从指标体系的全面性、普适性、评价的着眼点、评价阈值的确定、自然通江湖泊水生态特殊性5个方面对我国湖泊生态健康的评价指标体系的研究提出展望,以期为湖泊生态健康评价提供依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 湖泊 水生态系统健康评价 指标内涵 影响机制 展望 |
Ecosystem Health Assessment Indictors for Lakes |
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| ZHANG Yanhui,YANG Guishan and WAN Rongrong.Ecosystem Health Assessment Indictors for Lakes[J].Resources Science,2014,36(6):1306-1315. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yanhui YANG Guishan and WAN Rongrong |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China |
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| Abstract: | Since the concept of ecosystem health emerged in the 1980s,assessing the health status of lake ecosystem has been a primary objective of resource managers and new goals for lake environmental management. Lakes are extremely important freshwater storage areas on the earth's surface and their ecosystem service functions are equally important in terms of sustainable economic and social development. However,due to the increasing impact of anthropogenic activities,their ecosystem service functions are gradually being degraded. Therefore,the need for lake health assessment has become increasingly important. Establishing an index system of lake ecosystem health is the first step in lake ecosystem health assessment and here we review and summarize and analyze relevant researchs literatures systematically from five aspects:the time scale of lake ecosystem assessment,assessment methods,intensity of human disturbance to lakes, whether they are connected to rivers or not and the degree of eutrophication. We then state the connotation and influence mechanism of representative indicators,such as phytoplankton biomass (PB),eco-exergy(Ex),structural eco-exergy(Exst),and the ratio of zooplankton biomass to phytoplankton biomass (ZB/PB). We conclude with several suggestions regarding the comprehensiveness of the index system,universality of the index system,focus of lake ecosystem assessment,assessment principles,and the unique features of ecological indicators for natural river-like system. |
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| Keywords: | lake ecosystem health assessment connotation of indicators influence mechanism prospect |
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