| 中国高寒草地生产潜力与载畜量研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨正礼、杨改河.中国高寒草地生产潜力与载畜量研究[J].资源科学,2000,22(4):72-77. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨正礼、杨改河 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北农业大学,陕西,杨陵,712100 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院重大及特别支持项目专题!“青藏高原环境变化与区域可持续发展研究”(KZ95 1-A1- 2 0 4-
0 5 )，国家自然科学基金!(39770 43 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过中国高寒草地生产潜力及现实载畜状况分析，得出：①中国高寒草地气候生产潜力主要受降水因素制约；②全区草地气候生产潜力平均为6568.6kg/hm2,草地生产潜力为2971.4kg/hm2，现实生产力仅1632.2kg/hm2，占草地生产潜力的54.9%，占草地气候生产潜力的24.8%，尚具有广阔的开发前景；③国高寒草地所能承载的最大理论载畜量为14771×104只绵羊单位，适宜载畜量为7932×104只绵羊单位，随着草地生产潜力的不断开发，适宜载畜量在2010年和2020年可望提高到目前的1046倍和1076倍；④中国高寒草地目前整体处于超载状态，超载量高达2463.5×104只绵羊单位，超载率高达28.6%；⑤中国高寒区各类型区草地生产潜力及载畜状况差异颇大，应因在制宜，分类指导。
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| 关 键 词： | 中国高寒草地 草地气候生产潜力 草地生产潜力 载畜量 超载率 |
POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY AND LIVESTOCK CARRYING CAPACITY OF HIGH-FRIGID GRASSLAND IN CHINA |
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| YANG Zheng-li,YANG Gai-he.POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY AND LIVESTOCK CARRYING CAPACITY OF HIGH-FRIGID GRASSLAND IN CHINA[J].Resources Science,2000,22(4):72-77. |
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| Authors: | YANG Zheng-li YANG Gai-he |
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| Abstract: | Analysis of the potential productivity and livestock carrying situation in China's high\|frigid grassland (CHFG) facilitated drawing the following conclusions: 1)annual rainfall is the key factor limiting the climatic potential productivity of CHFG. 2)The climatic potential productivity of CHFG is 6 568\^6kg/hm\ 2,and the grassland potential productivity is 2 971\^4kg/hm\ 2,but the actual productivity is 1 632\^2kg/hm\ 2 which is only 54\^9% of the grassland potential productivity and 24\^8% of the climatic one. This shows that there is a big room for developing grassland productivity. 3)The maximum theoretical livestock carrying capacity of the whole CHFG is 147\^71 million standard sheep and suitable carrying capacity is 79\^32 million. With continuous exploitation of the grassland potential productivity in the future,the suitable carrying capacity will increase by 1\^46 and 1\^76 times respectively for the years 2010 and 2020. 4)There exists an overloading of 24\^64 million sheep on CHFG at present,being as high as 28\^6%. 5)There is great difference in productivity and livestock carrying capacity in different types of CHFG,it is necessary to adopt measures suitable to different places. |
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| Keywords: | China'shigh\|frigid grassland Climatic potential grassland productivity Potential grassland productivity Livestock carrying capacity Overloading rate |
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