| 关系文化、信贷资源与大数据公司创新效率 |
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| 引用本文： | 周婷婷,郭岩.关系文化、信贷资源与大数据公司创新效率[J].科研管理,2006,41(2):210-219. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周婷婷 郭岩 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京第二外国语学院商学院，北京100024；;
2. 北京工业大学经济与管理学院，北京100124 |
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| 摘 要： | 基于公司发展休戚相关的人情与金钱视角，以大数据上市公司的大数据业务规模、创新投入、无形资产为契入点，实证探究关系文化、信贷资源配置影响下的科技创新效率。研究发现，科技创新环境越好，大数据公司的发展越繁荣。地区民众对“人脉”等关系文化的崇尚藐视了公平正义，形成负面舆情，阻碍了科技创新对大数据公司发展的提振效应。信贷资源配置效率越高的地区，大数据公司的融资约束越轻，科技创新对大数据公司发展的推动效应越凸显。实践表明，产学研合作对接、国外技术引进、纯洁科技环境的建立以及顺畅的融资渠道是助力大数据公司繁荣发展的有效路径。
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| 收稿时间： | 2017-04-21 |
Guanxi culture,credit resources allocation and technological innovation efficiency of big-data listed companies |
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| Zhou Tingting,Guo Yan.Guanxi culture,credit resources allocation and technological innovation efficiency of big-data listed companies[J].Science Research Management,2006,41(2):210-219. |
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| Authors: | Zhou Tingting Guo Yan |
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| Abstract: | Big data, which is the key asset in the process of building organizational core competitiveness, is widely revolutionizing our economy and society. It is important for big data listed companies to maintain sound momentum of high level of innovation in order to take the lead in the severe competition. In view of this, using the big data companies listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Market as sample, based on the money and guanxi which are closely related to the development of companies, this paper explores the technological innovation efficiency under the impact of guanxi and credit resources allocation from the perspective of big data business, innovation investment and intangible assets of big data listed companies.
This paper employs Baidu index to measure public concern about guanxi culture by calculating the annual average of daily data of Baidu index. That is, using both the PC Internet and mobile terminal Internet in Baidu index, this paper measures the overall average trend of gift giving, securing advantages through power and influence, hidden rules, social relationship, social circle and mianzi, in order to describe people′s attention to guanxi culture in different regions. Baidu index reports the search scale of a certain keyword based on the data search behavior of Baidu netizens, and then reflects the focus of the public attention, helping data users to grasp the change of social public opinion in real time. In this paper, Python was used to capture daily data of Baidu index from the official website of Baidu index, which is consist of data from all over the country, and data from each regions.
The main research results obtained from this study are as follows:
(1)The better the environment of technological innovation is, the greater the scale of big data business, innovation investment and intangible assets of big data listed companies will be. Research results verify that the technological innovation environment, especially regional R&D projects taken by R&D institutions and higher education institutions, and introduction of foreign technology contract, have positive roles in improving the integration degree of scientific and technological resources, strengthening R&D researcher′s belief, and thus promoting the development of big data listed companies.
(2)Guanxi culture weakens the positive relationship between technology innovation environment and the development of big data listed companies. The more the regional netizens′ public concern about gift giving, securing advantages through power and influence, hidden rules, social relationship, social circle and mianzi, etc, the higher advocating of guanxi in the region. Guanxi culture damages fairness and justice, which in fact forms a negative public opinion and hinders the boost effects of innovation environment on big data listed companies. The negative roles of guanxi culture are mainly shown in the perspective of social relationship. That is to say, the public attention to guanxi culture weakens the belief and driving force of researchers and developers in big data listed companies, and thus mitigate the positive effects of technology innovation environment on the scale of big data business, innovation investment and intangible assets of big data listed companies.
(3) In the regions which have higher efficiency of credit resources allocation, the positive relationship between technology innovation environment and the development of big data listed companies are more obvious and significant. The development of big data listed companies needs the large amount of money to improve big data technology. The great difficulty in gaining financial support and raising money is the bottleneck of the big data listed companies. The higher the efficiency of credit resources allocation, the less the financing constrains and the greater the promotion effects of innovation environment on big data listed companies.
Practice shows that production-education-research cooperation, the introduction of foreign technology, pure technological environment and spacious financing channels are valid paths to promote the flourish of big data listed companies. That is to say, it is important to have real time embedded concern about the negative effects of regional netizens′ advocating of exploiting the connection, securing advantages through power, and building social circle on R&D, in order to construct good technology innovation environment. Increasing financial channels and improving financing efficiency are also the solid foundation for strengthening the big data listed companies′ innovation quality.
This study contributes to the current literature in two respects.
First, this paper extends the resource dependence theory by introducing behavior framework that big data listed companies can utilize to deal with problematic dependence relationships. Based on the influence of external environment on organizational behavior, resource dependence theory explains how organizations enact to minimize environment uncertainty. This paper emphasizes the appropriate way during the organizations′ dependence relationships problem in the external environment. In the areas of highly advocating guanxi, big data listed companies′ external environment comprises guanxi culture, such as gift giving, securing advantages through power and influence, hidden rules, etc. Senior managers of big data listed companies need to take actions to reduce environment dependence caused by guanxi culture, and gain control over vital resources in order to improve the development of big data technology.
Second, this paper emphasizes the social embeddedness of innovation behaviors of big data listed companies, thus provides new empirical evidence on social embeddedness theory. Based on social embeddedness theory, the interactions between people are affected by social relations. The ongoing networks of social relations between people are valuable resources for organizations. Actions between individuals are so predicated on social relations, which discourages malfeasance to some extent. Individual behaviors are chosen based on past interactions and reputations. Social networks can hinder malfeasance, enhance ability of cooperative relationship, and improve organizational performance. Different from positive roles discussed above, this study emphasizes the negative roles of social networks. Innovation behaviors are usually coupled with higher risk and longer investment cycle, which needs researchers and developers devote every efforts to break through technical bottleneck. In the regions of higher advocating guanxi culture, the innovation beliefs are not so strong because of the short term benefits of social networks. This paper provides new empirical evidence for the negative roles of social networks in the content of big data listed companies. |
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