| 高端装备制造业创新政策评估实证研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘兰剑,张田,牟兰紫薇.高端装备制造业创新政策评估实证研究[J].科研管理,2006,41(1):48-59. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘兰剑 张田 牟兰紫薇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.长安大学公共管理与法学院，陕西 西安710064；
2.长安大学中国人文社会科学研究评价中心，陕西 西安710064；
3.西北大学公共管理学院，陕西 西安710127 |
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| 摘 要： | 高端装备制造业是我国的七大战略性新兴产业之一，国家出台了一系列创新政策支持其发展。本文收集了2006-2017年间高端装备制造业的67项创新政策以及专利数量、新产品销售收入等数据，通过量化评估政策文本、构建结构方程模型等方法研究创新政策对专利数量、新产品销售收入等创新产出的影响，结果发现，第一，技术创新规划、研究开发活动、产业化活动等对专利产出、新产品销售收入等具有不同程度的推动作用；第二，我国高端装备制造业创新政策已经走出宏观勾画轮廓的初级阶段，趋向于专业化和精细化；第三，创新政策存在着对科技成果转化重视不足、核心部门联合颁发的政策较少、力度不强等问题。
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| 收稿时间： | 2019-05-27 |
An empirical study of the evaluation of innovation policies on the advanced equipment manufacturing industry |
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| Liu Lanjian,Zhang Tian,Mou Lan Ziwei.An empirical study of the evaluation of innovation policies on the advanced equipment manufacturing industry[J].Science Research Management,2006,41(1):48-59. |
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| Authors: | Liu Lanjian Zhang Tian Mou Lan Ziwei |
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| Abstract: | Advanced equipment manufacturing industry is one of the seven strategic emerging industries in China, and the country has issued a series of innovation policies to support its development. Focusing on the development of advanced equipment manufacturing industry is the only way to improve the core competitiveness of China′s industry, which is of strategic significance to accelerate the industrial transformation and upgrading, and complete the transformation from a manufacturing power to a advanced equipment manufacturing industry power. Innovation policy is one of the key driving forces to promote industrial development. After years of innovation policy support for advanced equipment manufacturing industry, how does innovation policy promote the development of advanced equipment manufacturing industry? It is urgent to evaluate the innovation policy performance of advanced equipment manufacturing industry to answer this question, and take the evaluation results as the basis for the adjustment and optimization of technology innovation policies in this industry.Policy performance evaluation is an important method to analyze the effectiveness of policies. This paper collected 67 innovation policies of advanced equipment manufacturing industry from 2006 to 2017, the number of PCT patents published by the World Intellectual Property Organization, sales revenue of new products and other data. In this study, the number of PCT patents and sales revenue of new products were used as indicators to measure innovation output. Through quantitative evaluation of policy text and construction of structural equation model, this paper studies the impact of innovation policy on innovation output, and studies the innovation policy performance of China′s advanced equipment manufacturing industry, so as to put forward suggestions on the improvement of innovation policy of advanced equipment manufacturing industry .This research constructs a three-dimensional quantitative evaluation framework for innovation policies of advanced equipment manufacturing industry to calculate the score of innovation policies, including policy intensity (X dimension), number of policy issuing departments (Y dimension) and policy frequency (Z dimension). Then, this study studies the impact of innovation policies on innovation output of advanced equipment manufacturing industry by building a Structural Equation Model, and sets up four potential variables, including 10 observation variables, including technological innovation planning, research and development activities, industrialization activities and innovation output. Four research hypotheses are proposed as follows. Hypothesis 1: technological innovation planning has a positive impact on research and development activities; Hypothesis 2: research and development activities have a positive impact on innovation output; Hypothesis 3: research and development activities have a positive impact on industrial activities; Hypothesis 4: industrial activities have a positive impact on innovation output.In addition, the empirical data analysis results of this study support the four research hypotheses proposed, (1) technology innovation planning has a positive impact on research and development activities; (2) research and development activities have a positive impact on innovation output; (3) research and development activities have a positive impact on industrial activities; (4) industrial activities have a positive impact on innovation output. Innovation policy of innovation measurement model results show that the output of advanced equipment manufacturing industry innovation policies has a positive influence on innovation output, such as patents, new product sales revenue, but the research and development activities, the industrialization of the two links of innovation policy on innovation output path coefficient is small, therefore, advanced equipment manufacturing industry innovation policy has a positive influence on innovation output, but the impact is limited. However, innovation output is obviously the key target of innovation policy input. Currently, the innovation policy performance of advanced equipment manufacturing industry is not significant enough. Therefore, rebuilding the support relationship between innovation policies is an important way to promote innovation output.According to the quantitative evaluation results of innovation policies in this study, there is a large gap in the scores of various innovation policies in advanced equipment manufacturing industry, which is manifested by attaching importance to technological innovation policies at the front-end and neglecting the policy support in the transformation of achievements at the innovation back-end. To some extent, this situation will affect the formation of synergy effect of innovation policies of advanced equipment manufacturing industry, which is not conducive to the output of innovation achievements of advanced equipment manufacturing industry.At last, this study puts forward the optimization of advanced equipment manufacturing industry innovation policy recommendations. First, further promote the positive effect of innovation policy on innovation output. Innovation policies of advanced equipment manufacturing industry play a certain role in promoting innovation output such as the number of PCT patents and sales revenue of new products. In the future policy layout of advanced equipment manufacturing industry, the existing role of innovation policies should be further played to make up for the shortcomings of policies. Second, it emphasizes the coordination and combination of innovative policies to achieve policy goals. The introduction of a policy is often to achieve multiple policy objectives, and it should integrate the knowledge requirements of different stages such as technology innovation planning, research and development activities and industrialization activities. It is necessary to promote the development of advanced equipment manufacturing industry with systematic innovation policies through the combination and linkage of various innovation policies. Third, strengthen policy support for back-end innovation in advanced equipment manufacturing industry. To release the economic potential of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements is a long-term decision based on China′s reality. Fourth, we will strengthen the capacity building for technological innovation in advanced equipment manufacturing industry. The development of technological innovation cannot be separated from a good policy environment, and the technological innovation of advanced equipment manufacturing industry should be placed in the innovation ecosystem of the whole country to design innovation policies. Therefore, Japan′s scientific and technological legislation measures can be used for reference to promote the construction of technological innovation capacity of advanced equipment manufacturing industry.This study verified that the innovation policy of advanced equipment manufacturing industry has a positive effect on innovation performance, but the effect of innovation policy is limited. There is a big gap in the innovation policy scores of advanced equipment manufacturing industry. Innovation policies should be further applied to promote the development of advanced equipment manufacturing industry, to realize China′s transformation from a manufacturing power toa advanced equipment manufacturing industry power. |
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