The Use of Additional Information in Problem-Oriented Learning Environments |
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| Authors: | Gräsel Cornelia Fischer Frank Mandl Heinz |
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| Institution: | (1) Institute of Educational Psychology, University of Munich, Leopoldstrasse 13, D-80802 Munich, Germany;(2) Institute of Educational Psychology, University of Munich, Leopoldstrasse 13, D-80802 Munich, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Self-directed learning with authentic and complex problems (problem-oriented learning) requires that learners observe their
own learning and use additional information when it is appropriate (e.g. hypertextual information in computer-supported learning
environments). Research results indicate that learners in problem-oriented learning environments often have difficulties using
additional information adequately, and that they should be supported. Two studies with a computer-supported problem-oriented
learning environment in the domain of medicine analysed the effects of strategy instruction on the use of additional information
and the quality of the problem representation. In Study 1, an expert model was used for strategy instruction. Two groups were
compared: one group with strategy modelling and one group without. Strategy modelling influenced the frequency of looked-up
hypertextual information, but did not influence the quality of learners' problem representations. This could be explained
by difficulties in applying the general hypertext information to the problem. In Study 2, the additional information was presented
in a more contextualised way as graphical representation of the case and its relevant concepts. Again, two groups were compared:
one with a strategy instruction text and one without. Strategy instruction texts supported an adequate use of this graphical
information by learners and had an effect on the quality of their problem representations. These findings are discussed with
respect to the design of additional help systems in problem-oriented learning environments.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | control strategies hypertext problem-oriented learning strategy instruction |
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