Mechanism of Antidiabetic Action of Compound GII Purified from Fenugreek (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Trigonella foenum graecum</Emphasis>) Seeds |
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| Authors: | D Puri K M Prabhu G Dev S Agarwal P S Murthy |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Shahadra, Delhi, 110095, India;(2) Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Shahadra, Delhi, 110095, India;(3) B-518 Aristocrat Apartments, Kasturi Nagar, East of NGEF Lay Out, Bangalore, 560043, Karnataka State, India;(4) 301, Ram Lakshman Apartment, Shri Anand Nagar, Hosur Road, Electronic City Post Office, Bangalore, 560100, India; |
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| Abstract: | To study the mechanism of action of water soluble compound GII purified from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds which was shown earlier to have antidiabetic effect in the subdiabetic, moderately and severely diabetic rabbits.
In rabbits (1–1.5 kg bw) diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of 80 mg/kg bw of alloxan. They were fed with GII at
a dose of 50 mg/kg bw daily once in the morning for 15 days in the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic and 30 days in the
severely diabetic rabbits. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL + VLDL cholesterol (LDL + VLDL)C], HDL cholesterol
(HDL)C], total tissue lipids, glycogen and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, polyol pathway)
hexokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldose reductase
and sorbitol dehydrogenase and antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase
were estimated. Liver and kidney function parameters were also estimated. Treatment with GII for 15 days in the subdiabetic
and moderately diabetic rabbits and for 30 days in the severely diabetic rabbits (i) decreased the elevated lipids TC, TG,
(LDL + VLDL)C and increased the decreased (HDL)C, (ii) decreased the elevated liver and heart total lipids, TC and TG, (iii)
increased the decreased liver and muscle glycogen, (iv) increased the decreased hexokinase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase,
malic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, (v) decreased the increased
glucose-6-phosphatase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, aldose reductase. Results thus show that treatment with GII compound purified
from fenugreek seeds for 15 days in the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic and 30 days in the severely diabetic rabbits corrects
the altered serum lipids, tissue lipids, glycogen, enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen metabolism, polyol pathway
and antioxidant enzymes. Histopathological abnormalities (fatty infiltration and other cellular changes) seen in the pancreas,
liver, heart and kidneys were repaired after treatment with GII. In fact partially damaged pancreas was repaired. Liver and
kidney function test results were normal in the GII treated animals indicating that GII treatment is safe and free from any
side effects. |
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| Keywords: | GII from fenugreek seeds Mechanism of action Serum and tissue lipids Glycogen Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis Antioxidant enzymes |
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