| “双高计划”建设院校的专业布局与生成机理 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋亚峰,潘海生,王世斌.“双高计划”建设院校的专业布局与生成机理[J].江苏高教,2021(2):112-118. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋亚峰 潘海生 王世斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 天津大学教育学院,天津300350;天津大学教育学院,天津300350;天津大学发展战略研究中心,天津300350 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"职业教育专业建设与产业发展的谱系图研究" |
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| 摘 要： | 专业建设是高水平高职院校和专业群建设的重要抓手。基于专业的属性与分类标准,以中国首批56所“双高计划”建设院校为样本来源,通过量化分析其专业布局特征发现:从总量看,专业大类齐全,专业之间冷热差距明显;从热门专业的布局看,热门专业紧贴经济社会重点领域,主要集中于财经商贸、装备制造、电子信息、旅游等专业大类;从冷门专业的分布看,冷门专业的区域特色突出。通过层次聚类法得出,“双高计划”建设院校在专业发展模式方面主要有优势特色专业群驱动模式、应用类专业群引领模式、多科专业协同发展模式等。多元的专业发展模式蕴含着优势特色专业个体的自我进化、专业(群)之间的竞合演化、专业系统与外部环境系统的协同演化等生成机理。为促进“双高计划”的建设,应固本培元,着力打造各院校的特色优势专业,同时做好不同层面的制度设计,营造良好的外部生态环境,增强专业生态系统的可持续发展能力,实现“双高”建设关键环节的突破。
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| 关 键 词： | 双高计划 专业布局 专业发展模式 生成机理 |
The Major Layout and Generation Mechanism of the"Double High Plan"Construction Colleges |
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| Song Yafeng,Pan Haisheng,Wang Shibin.The Major Layout and Generation Mechanism of the"Double High Plan"Construction Colleges[J].Jiangsu Higher Education,2021(2):112-118. |
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| Authors: | Song Yafeng Pan Haisheng Wang Shibin |
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| Abstract: | Major construction is an important task for the construction of high-level vocational colleges and major groups.Based on the attributes and classification criteria of the majors,and taking the first batch of 56"Double High Plan"construction colleges in China as sample sources,through quantitative analysis of their professional layout characteristics,it is found that,in terms of the total number,the majors and main categories are complete,but the gap between hot majors and cold majors is obvious;From the perspective of the layout of hot majors,hot majors closely follow key economic and social fields,mainly concentrated in domains like finance and commerce,equipment manufacturing,electronic information,and tourism;from the distribution of unpopular majors,the regional characteristics of unpopular majors are prominent.Through the analysis of hierarchical clustering method,it is found that the"Double High Plan"construction colleges usually follow the major group-driven model,the application-oriented major group-led model,and the multidisciplinary major collaborative development model.The diversified major development model contains the self-evolution of separate dominant majors,the evolution of competition and cooperation between majors(groups),and the collaborative evolution of major systems and external environmental systems.In order to promote the construction of the"Double High Plan",we should focus on creating distinctive advantage specialties in each college.At the same time,we must do a good job in the institutional design at different levels,create a good external ecological environment,and enhance the sustainable development of professional ecosystems so as to achieve breakthroughs in key aspects of the"Double High"construction. |
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| Keywords: | "Double High Plan" major layout major development model generation mechanism |
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