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Numbers defy the law of large numbers |
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| Authors: | Ruma Falk Avital Lavie Lann |
| Institution: | The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel |
| Abstract: | As the number of independent tosses of a fair coin grows, the rates of heads and tails tend to equality. This is misinterpreted by many students as being true also for the absolute numbers of the two outcomes, which, conversely, depart unboundedly from each other in the process. Eradicating that misconception, as by coin‐tossing experiments, should be incorporated early on into learning the law of large numbers. |
| Keywords: | Teaching Coin tosses In the long run Regularities Numbers versus percents Frequencies versus rates |