| 英国政府数据开放共享的元数据标准——对Data.gov.uk的调研与启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵蓉英,梁志森,段培培.英国政府数据开放共享的元数据标准——对Data.gov.uk的调研与启示[J].图书情报工作,2016,60(19):31-39. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵蓉英 梁志森 段培培 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 武汉大学中国科学评价研究中心 武汉 430072;
2. 武汉大学信息管理学院 武汉 430072 |
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| 基金项目： | 本文系国家社会科学基金重大项目“面向国家大数据战略的政府数据开放共享对策研究”（项目编号：15ZDC025）研究成果之一。 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的/意义]从政府数据开放网站的角度出发，归纳总结元数据标准，以期为制定我国政府开放数据的元数据标准提供有益的参考。方法/过程]依据科学的评价报告，以Data.gov.uk为研究对象，对网站信息进行调查，查阅相关政府文献，从文件结构、元素组成及规则等方面总结元数据标准的特点。结果/结论]调查发现：Data.gov.uk具有两种类型的元数据，即面向网站数据资源的CKAN格式记录和针对地理空间数据的GEMINI地理空间元数据标准。对我国而言，制定政府开放数据共享的元数据标准，需要事先分析和比较各类型政府数据的描述需求、考虑新系统与现有系统的衔接问题，建立网站需求分析报告，按需选择国际标准作为范本。
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| 关 键 词： | 政府数据开放 元数据 标准规范 英国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-08-09 |
Metadata Standards of Open Government Data in U.K.: The Investigation & Enlightenment of Data.gov.uk |
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| Zhao Rongying,Liang Zhisen,Duan Peipei.Metadata Standards of Open Government Data in U.K.: The Investigation & Enlightenment of Data.gov.uk[J].Library and Information Service,2016,60(19):31-39. |
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| Authors: | Zhao Rongying Liang Zhisen Duan Peipei |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Center for Chinese Science Evaluation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072;
2. School of Information Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 |
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| Abstract: | Purpose/significance] Studied through the practice of the website of open government data, the standards of metadata were summarized, aiming to provide beneficial advise for the constitution of metadata standards for open government data. Method/process] Based on the scientific assessment report, this research made Data.gov.uk as the study object. The website was investigated, and some correlative official documents were read. By judging from file structure, element composition and rule of syntax, this research summed up characteristics of the metadata standards. Result/conclusion] It was found that: Data.gov.uk has two kinds of metadata, one is CKAM record format, used for data resources in the website; the other is GEMINI, the geospatial metadata, merely used for geospatial data. For China, before making the metadata standard of open government data, it is necessary to firstly analyze how each type of data is described and then compare them, as well as consider the link between the new system and the existing system. Throughout the requirement report, the appropriate international standard can be chosen as model. |
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| Keywords: | open government data metadata standard U K |
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