| 无身份者构成身份犯共犯乃法律拟制——对《刑法》第382条第3款性质之辨析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李振林.无身份者构成身份犯共犯乃法律拟制——对《刑法》第382条第3款性质之辨析[J].南阳师范学院学报,2012,11(8):15-22. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李振林 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东政法大学,上海,201620 |
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| 基金项目： | 华东政法大学优秀学位论文培育项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 依据身份犯主体具有身份之要求及共同犯罪之犯罪共同的本质，构成身份犯共犯的行为人亦须具备该身份犯所要求之身份。那么，无身份者因其主体身份的阙如就无法充足身份犯之构成要件，即使无身份者与有身份者共同实施身份犯罪行为，也不能依据共同犯罪理论成立身份犯的共同犯罪。根据法律拟制与注意规定的不同特征，我们也可以判定无身份者构成身份犯共犯是法律拟制而非注意规定的结果。因此．《刑法》第382条第3款的规定是法律拟制而非注意规定。虽然包括《刑法》第382条第3款在内的一些法律拟制的设置存在不舍理之处，但我们不能由此就将其认定为注意规定甚至对法律拟制予以整体否定。某些法律拟制设置得不合理无法否定法律拟制追求实质公正或罪刑均衡的实质内涵。《刑法》第382条第3款可以根据实质公正的要求进行调整，以实现真正之法律拟制。
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| 关 键 词： | 身份犯 共同犯罪 法律拟制 注意规定 贪污 |
No-Special-Status Offenders Forming Accomplice Status in Status Offense: A Legal Fiction Identifying 382 of the the Nature of the Provisions Criminal Law of the People' of Paragraph 3 of Article s Republic of China |
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| LI Zhen-lin.No-Special-Status Offenders Forming Accomplice Status in Status Offense: A Legal Fiction Identifying 382 of the the Nature of the Provisions Criminal Law of the People' of Paragraph 3 of Article s Republic of China[J].Journal of Nanyang Teachers College,2012,11(8):15-22. |
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| Authors: | LI Zhen-lin |
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| Institution: | LI Zhen-lin(East China University of Political Science,Shanghai 201620,China) |
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| Abstract: | Given the status requirement for subjects in status offense and in light of the nature of joint offense being the intentional crime committed by two or more persons jointly,the offender in status offense must have a certain personal condition or must be of a specified character.Then,for offenders without certain statuses,their criminal acts cannot meet the constitutive requirements for status offense,and even if they are the assistors to status offenders,they can not be deemed guilty of joint offense.According to the different features between legal fiction and supplementary provisions,it can be adjudged that no-special-status offenders forming accomplice status in status offenses belong to the realm of legal fiction.Therefore,the provisions of Paragraph 3 of Article 382 of the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China also belong to the realm of legal fiction.Meanwhile,the provisions of Paragraph 3 of Article 382 of the Criminal Law must make some adjustments in accordance with the requirements of substantive justice in order to achieve real legal fiction. |
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| Keywords: | status offense joint offense legal fiction supplementary provisions corruption ~ |
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