| 试论美国师范教育的转型 |
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| 引用本文： | 王凤玉,单中惠.试论美国师范教育的转型[J].教育研究,2006(11). |
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| 作者姓名： | 王凤玉 单中惠 |
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| 作者单位： | 沈阳师范大学教育学院，浙江大学教育学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究2002年度项目“西方师范教育机构的转型:历史视野与个案研究”(项目批准号:教社政司02JA88004)的阶段性成果。 |
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| 摘 要： | 19世纪后期的美国师范教育经历了两次转型,从而使其从封闭定向式的教师培养模式走向了开放非定向式的教师培养模式。转型为美国教师教育的发展带来了新的契机,尽管转型后出现了诸如师范教育在大学中的边缘化、教师职业地位低下及专业性不强、教师入业标准如何控制等相关的问题。尽管如此,这种转型一方面加强了师范教育与整个教育体制的一体化,建立了综合性大学现代开放型的教师培养体系;另一方面师范教育通过转型增强了自我发展技能,拓展了生存空间。中美两国国情不同,但师范教育的转型有共同的规律可循,美国师范教育转型的历史经验值得我们借鉴。
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| 关 键 词： | 美国 师范教育 师范学院 综合性大学 转型 |
On the Transitions of Normal Education in the United States |
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| Wang Fengyu & Shan Zhonghui Wang Fengyu,associate professor at Educational College of Shenyang Normal University,doctoral candidate at Educational.On the Transitions of Normal Education in the United States[J].Educational Research,2006(11). |
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| Authors: | Wang Fengyu & Shan Zhonghui Wang Fengyu associate professor at Educational College of Shenyang Normal University doctoral candidate at Educational |
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| Institution: | Wang Fengyu & Shan Zhonghui Wang Fengyu,associate professor at Educational College of Shenyang Normal University,doctoral candidate at Educational Department of East China Normal University |
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| Abstract: | The normal education in the United States has tended towards an open and non-directional teacher training model from a close and directional one due to its two transitions at the end of 19th century. Although the transitions brought some problems, such as the fringing of normal education in the universities, the low status of teachers and the enrollment criteria of teachers, it also brought new chances for the development of teacher education in the United States. On the one hand, the transitions strengthened the integration of the normal education and the whole educational system and also established open teacher training system of comprehensive universities; on the other hand, the normal education enhanced self-development skill and developed the living space. The national conditions are different between China and the United States, but there is a common rule in the transition of normal education. We can learn some historical experience from the transitions of American normal education. |
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| Keywords: | the United States normal education normal colleges comprehensive universities transition |
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