| 工程数学中数值计算应注意的一些原则 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭洪林,汤志浩.工程数学中数值计算应注意的一些原则[J].泰州职业技术学院学报,2007,7(3):68-70. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭洪林 汤志浩 |
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| 作者单位： | 河南工业职业技术学院,河南,南阳,473009 |
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| 摘 要： | 指出了工程问题的数值计算中出现误差的渠道及原因，分析了这些误差可能会引起的后果。通过具体例子说明要避免这些误差须遵循的原则。用数值稳定性好的计算方法；两个数量级相差很大的数进行加减运算时，防止小的那个数加减不到大的数中；避免两个相近的数相减，损失有效数字；防止出现机器零和溢出停机；在除法运算中，避免除数的绝对值远小于被除数的绝对值；简化计算步骤，减少运算次数。
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| 关 键 词： | 数值计算 准确值 误差 有效数字 |
| 文章编号： | 1671-0142（2007）03-0068-03 |
Principles in Calculation Number Value in Project Mathematics |
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| GUO Hong-Lin,TANG Zhi-hao.Principles in Calculation Number Value in Project Mathematics[J].Journal of Taizhou Polytechnical Institute,2007,7(3):68-70. |
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| Authors: | GUO Hong-Lin TANG Zhi-hao |
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| Abstract: | The paper points out the outlets and reasons of error in the number calculation concerning engineering problem and analyzes the results caused by these errors. Through the concrete examples it explains some principles to follow in order to avoid these errors. Use the good calculation method of the number stability;when the two numbers that the number of magnitudes differ carry on addition and subtraction, prevent from that smaller piece could not add or subtract the bigger one;avoid two close numbers minusing and losing effective figure;prevent from appearing machine zero and the spillaging halt;When carrying on the operation of division, avoid the absolute value of divisor is less than that of dividend;simplify calculation step, reduce times of operation. |
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| Keywords: | calculate number value exact value error effective |
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