Parental Expectations and Children's Academic Performance in Sociocultural Context |
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| Authors: | Yoko Yamamoto Susan D Holloway |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Education, Brown University, Box 1938, Providence, RI 02912, USA;(2) Graduate School of Education, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | In this paper, we review research on parental expectations and their effects on student achievement within and across diverse
racial and ethnic groups. Our review suggests that the level of parental expectations varies by racial/ethnic group, and that
students' previous academic performance is a less influential determinant of parental expectations among racial/ethnic minority
parents than among European American parents. To explain this pattern, we identify three processes associated with race/ethnicity
that moderate the relation between students' previous performance and parental expectations. Our review also indicates that
the relation of parental expectations to concurrent or future student achievement outcomes is weaker for racial/ethnic minority
families than for European American families. We describe four mediating processes by which high parental expectations may
influence children's academic trajectories and show how these processes are associated with racial/ethnic status. The article
concludes with a discussion of educational implications as well as suggestions for future research. |
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