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| 基于分层模型的苹果种植农户气象灾害适应性行为研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 冯晓龙,陈宗兴,霍学喜.基于分层模型的苹果种植农户气象灾害适应性行为研究[J].资源科学,2015,37(12):2491-2500. |
| 作者姓名： | 冯晓龙 陈宗兴 霍学喜 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 西北农林科技大学西部农村发展研究中心,杨凌 712100 2.中国农工民主党中央委员会,北京 100011 |
| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目（CARS-28） |
| 摘 要： | 气象灾害适应性行为已经成为稳定苹果种植户收入,促进苹果产业可持续发展的重要举措。本文利用陕西、山东、甘肃和河南4个苹果主产省的45个村庄与931个农户调查数据,采用分层模型对苹果种植户气象灾害适应性行为进行研究。结果表明：96.67%的样本农户苹果生产受到气象灾害影响,其中85.92%的农户采用了适应性行为,但对包括覆膜、防冻剂等新型适应性措施的采用比例较低;村庄和农户层次的因素共同影响苹果种植户适应气象灾害的行为;村庄层次的苹果种植面积占比、基础设施供给情况,农户层次的户主风险类型、家庭规模、生产特征等因素正向影响农户采取适应性行为,而县年平均温度负向影响农户采取适应性行为;农户采取事前预防性行为和补救性行为的村庄与农户层次的影响因素存在较大差异。 |
| 关 键 词： | 气象灾害 适应性行为 分层模型 苹果种植农户 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-03-02 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015-06-04 |
Influencing factors of apple farmer adaptation to meteorological disasters |
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| FENG Xiaolong,CHEN Zongxing,HUO Xuexi.Influencing factors of apple farmer adaptation to meteorological disasters[J].Resources Science,2015,37(12):2491-2500. | |
| Authors: | FENG Xiaolong CHEN Zongxing HUO Xuexi |
| Institution: | 1. Center of Western Rural Development,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China 2. The Central Committee of the Chinese Peasants’ and Workers’ Democratic Party,Beijing 100011,China |
| Abstract: | In recent years,apple production in China has faced fierce meteorological disasters such as freeze-up and drought. Under this background,adaptation to meteorological disasters has become the crucial measure for stabilizing the income of apple farmers and promoting the sustainable development of the apple industry in China. In order to identify factors influencing farmers’ adaptive behavior to frequent meteorological disasters,we designed a questionnaire concerning apple production,meteorological disasters and apple production,adaptive behavior to these disasters at the household level,and basic information on village level. Based on 45 villages and 931 households in provinces（Shaanxi,Gansu,Henan and Shandong）through semi-structured interviews in 2014,we utilize multilevel analysis to determine factors influencing farmers’ adaptive behavior. We found that when farmers’ apple production is affected by meteorological disasters,85.92% of them use adaptive behaviors,including preventive actions （e.g. smoking,covering black plastic film mulch）and remedial actions （e.g. irrigation,applying farmyard manure）. Factors at the village and household level mutually affect adaptive behavior of apple farmers to meteorological disasters,so if we ignore villages’ influence on farmers’ adaptation,the empirical results lead to the deviation. Factors such as the percentage of planting area of apple and irrigation conditions at the village level and risk attitude,family size and irrigation condition of orchard at the household level have a common effect on farmers’ adaptive behavior positively. Factors including weather service at the village level and farmers’ education experience,social experience at the household level only affect farmers’ preventive actions;conversely,factors like technical service at the village level and farmers’ perception of meteorological disasters and land type of orchard at the household level affect farmers’ remedial actions. |
| Keywords: | meteorological disasters adaptive behavior multilevel analysis apple farmer |
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