Styles of scientific thinking |
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| Authors: | G Buchdahl |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, CB2 3RH Cambridge, UK |
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| Abstract: | It is a main contention of this paper that the history of science is not so much a story of the progressive advance in our understanding and discovery of  the facts of nature , but rather, an account of different ways of seeing things; where the things thus seen are to a considerable extent themselves the result of realizational processes operating in terms of some theory or other. But further, such theories are in turn controlled by some respective methodology which has its history: with the latter itself a record of different views about those elements believed to be essential for any adequate constructionof scientific theories. The paper then distinguishes between three views, the rationalist, the empiricist, and the systemic processing of scientific facts; the last-named view operating under the guidance of certain leading maxims and principles. Finally, the paper formulates a triadic type of methodology whose three components mirror the three views just mentioned: the probative, the explicative and the systemic components; which in turn are then shown to generate three corresponding ontologies. |
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