| 中国桑寄生科的孢粉学研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 韩荣兰,张奠湘,郝刚.中国桑寄生科的孢粉学研究[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2004,42(5):436-456. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韩荣兰 张奠湘 郝刚 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院华南植物园 广州 510650 |
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| 摘 要： | 系统报道了中国桑寄生科Loranthaceae33种5变种植物的花粉形态，并与澳大利亚
2属6种植物的花粉形态做了比较。通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察，国产桑寄生科花粉外壁
纹饰可明显分为两个类型:一种类型为刺状或条状纹饰，另一种为颗粒状纹饰，这与该科的鞘
花族和桑寄生族两个族相吻合。在鞘花族类型中，3合沟、钝刺状或条状纹饰的花粉是基本类
型，合半沟或孔沟形，刺状纹饰的花粉是较进化的类型;在桑寄生族类型中，等极、3合沟、
颗粒状纹饰的花粉是基本类型，异极、副合半沟-合半沟、3沟形和沟形-短沟形或沟孔形、粗
糙或模糊颗粒状纹饰的花粉是较进化类型。根据萌发孔和纹饰可将桑寄生族类型花粉分为3个
类群:类群I包括五蕊寄生属Dendrophtho、梨果寄生属Scurrula、钝果寄生属Taxillus和大苞
寄生属Tolypanthus;类群II仅包括离瓣寄生属Helixanthera;类群III也仅1属，桑寄生属Lor
anthus。在这3个类群中，类群I属于基本的类型，属间花粉差别较小，其中梨果寄生属和钝
果寄生属花粉差别最小，显示出较近的亲缘关系;类群II和类群III皆是较进化类型。
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| 关 键 词： | 桑寄生科 花粉形态 外壁纹饰 萌发孔 |
Pollen morphology of the Loranthaceae from China |
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| HAN Rong-Lan,ZHANG Dian-Xiang,HAO Gang.Pollen morphology of the Loranthaceae from China[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2004,42(5):436-456. |
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| Authors: | HAN Rong-Lan ZHANG Dian-Xiang HAO Gang |
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| Abstract: | Pollen morphology of38taxa of Loranthaceae from China，and of eigh
t taxa from Indone-sia and Australia was examined under light microscope（LM）a
nd scanning electron microscope（SEM）. Based on exine ornamentation characterist
ics，Loranthaceae can be subdivided into two groups that are consistent with the
two tribes in the family: Elytrantheae and Lorantheae. In the tribe Elytrantheae，
pollen grains with3-syncolpate aperture and exine of blunt-tipped spines and str
iate ornamentation may represent the primitive type while those with diplocolpor
ate and diplosyn-demicolpate apertures are of derived nature. In the tribe Loran
theae，pollen grains with isopolarity，3-syncolpate apertures，and granulate exi
ne ornamentation may represent the primitive type，while those with heteropolari
ty，parasyndemicolpate-syndemicolpate，3-colpate and colpate-brevicolpate or por
ate apertures，scabrate and indistinctly granulate ornamentation represent the d
erived state. Pollen data suggest three basic groups in the tribe Lorantheae acco
rding to the aperture and ornamen-tation characteristics: Group I is composed of
Dendrophtho，Scurrula，Taxillus，and Tolypanthus;Group II and Group III contain
only Helixanthera and Loranthus respectively. Group I is relatively primitive in
terms of pollen morphology. Among genera in Group I，there are only insignifican
t dif-ferences in pollen morphology between Taxillus and Scurrula，two genera w
ith a close relationship;both Group II and Group III are relatively derived in t
erms of pollen morphology. |
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| Keywords: | Loranthaceae pollen morphology exine ornamentation aperture |
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