| 落地侧切动作对下肢关节的影响与分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈豪,李建设,宋万翔.落地侧切动作对下肢关节的影响与分析[J].浙江体育科学,2022(2). |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈豪 李建设 宋万翔 |
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| 作者单位： | 宁波大学体育学院;宁波大学大健康研究院;浙江经济职业技术学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的:确定运动员在落地后即刻启动完成侧切变向(LSC)动作的下肢踝、膝和髋三关节矢状面的运动学和动力学特点,并与平地跑动侧切变向(SC)对比分析、探讨这些差异对下肢关节造成的影响。方法:以14名高水平足球运动员为背景的大学生完成落地侧切和平跑侧切动作时的下肢运动学和动力学数据进行采集与分析。结果:LSC动作的踝、膝关节ROM和关节角速度显著增加,髋关节ROM则呈相反趋势(P<0.05或P<0.01);LSC的踝、膝和髋关节力矩峰值,踝、髋关节功率峰值呈现显著大于SC(P<0.01),膝关节功率峰值小于SC(P<0.05);LSC在水平向后、垂直向上地反峰值及峰值加载率有明显的增加(P<0.01),水平向右地反无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:LSC虽然略降低了膝关节功率峰值,但其余所有运动学、动力学及GRF都预示其下肢关节所承受的损伤风险更高,尤其是踝关节和膝关节。踝关节的高功率和跖屈肌的持续紧张、伸膝力矩和三维地反的显著升高,使得该动作比公认高损伤风险的平跑侧切损伤风险几率更大。
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| 关 键 词： | 侧切 落地启动 下肢关节 矢状面 前交叉韧带 |
The Effect and Analysis of Side-Cutting After Landing Motion on Lower Limb Joints |
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| Institution: | (Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;Zhejiang Technical Insititntc of Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China) |
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| Abstract: | Objective:To determine the kinematics and dynamics characteristics of the sagittal plane of the ankle,knee,and hip joints of the lower limbs were determined after the athletes started the directional change movement after landing(LSC),and the effects of the former on the lower limbs joints were compared and analyzed with the directional change movement of flat running(SC).Method:The kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the lower limbs of 14 high-level football players when they completed the LSC and SC were collected and analyzed.Results:The ROM and joint angular velocity of ankle and knee about LSC increased significantly,while the ROM of hip joint showed an opposite trend(P<0.05 or P<0.01);The peak torque of ankle,knee,and hip joint and the peak power of ankle and hip joint of LSC were significantly higher than that of(P<0.01),and the peak power of knee joint was less than SC(P<0.05);The peak value of ground reaction force and peak loading rate of LSC increased significantly in horizontal backward and vertical upward direction(P<0.01),while there was no significant difference in horizontal rightwing direction(P>0.05).Conclusion:Although LSC slightly reduced peak knee power,all other kinematics,dynamics,and GRF predicted a higher risk of injury to lower limb joints,especially the ankle and knee joints.The high power of the ankle joint and the continuous tension of the plantar flexor muscle,the significant increase of the knee extension moment,and the three-dimensional ground reaction force,make this movement more likely to be injured than SC,which is recognized as having a high risk of injury. |
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| Keywords: | side-cutting landing start lower limb joints sagittal plane anterior cruciate ligament |
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