| 体育运动中的滞空及其形成机制研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵西堂,李晓琨.体育运动中的滞空及其形成机制研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2020(2):73-76. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵西堂 李晓琨 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.肇庆学院体育与健康学院，广东 肇庆〓526061； 2.北京体育大学 教育学院，北京〓100084） |
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| 基金项目： | 1.教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（17YJC890013）;2.广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划项目（GD18CTY03）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 滞空是篮球、排球、跳远、武术等体育运动项目中常常提到的概念,也是体育运动中确实存在的一种现象,即运动员跳起后人体的头部和上体在空中停留的现象;这一现象曾因看似违背经典力学定律而备受质疑。研究通过梳理相关文献资料并结合运动生理学和运动生物力学相关知识,对滞空现象存在的本质进行了全面的分析,结果表明:滞空现象确实存在也并不违背相关运动学定律;滞空现象是运动员通过巧妙改变自身重心的位置来实现的,其形成机制包括以下三个方面:一、充分利用最高点前后人体纵向速度较小的特点;二、通过运动员肢体的相对运动改变了人体重心的相对位置;三、通过腹式逆呼吸的方法改变身体重心相对位置。
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| 关 键 词： | 滞空 形成机制 动作变化 腹式逆呼吸 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/9/25 0:00:00 |
Study on Hanging in the Air in Sports and its Mechanics |
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| ZHAO Xi-tang,LI Xiao-kun.Study on Hanging in the Air in Sports and its Mechanics[J].Journal of Guangzhou Physical Education Institute,2020(2):73-76. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Xi-tang LI Xiao-kun |
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| Institution: | (Zhaoqing University,Zhaoqing 526061,China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China) |
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| Abstract: | Hanging in the air is a common phenomenon and it is also an often-mentioned concept in basketball, volleyball, martial arts, track & field and other sports. It is a real phenomenon in sports, hanging in the air means the athlete can keep his/her head and upper body stay in the air for a moment. This phenomenon is often questioned because it is seemingly contrary to Newton''s law in mechanics. By using literature review and sports physiology and sports biomechanics related knowledge, this study analyses the essence of hanging in the air and the results showed that 1) Hanging in the air does exist in sports and it is not contrary to the mechanics law; 2) the phenomenon was achieved by changing the location of the center of gravity, it''s mechanism included the following three aspects: Firstly, by making full use of the smaller velocity changing before and after the highest point. Secondly, by changing the limbs and trunk transformed the position of the center of gravity. At finally by using reverse abdominal breathing altered the center of gravity. |
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| Keywords: | Hanging in the Air Mechanics Posture Changing Reverse Abdominal Breathing |
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