| 略论梁启超对中国近代政治制度的探索 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢俊美.略论梁启超对中国近代政治制度的探索[J].华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2003,35(4):10-15,27. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢俊美 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学,历史系,上海,200062 |
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| 摘 要： | 梁启超认为中国君主专制非改不可。关于官制改革，主张仿行西方，用考试制度选拔官吏；基层实行自治，官由民选；为加强中央集权，应缩小行政区域；强调法治与人治并用，司法与行政协调；司法改用三级两审制。梁氏的政治法律制度思想集中反映了他对近代复杂多变政局的思考和对国家政治改革的探索，在理论和实践上均具有重大的借鉴意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 梁启超 中国 近代 政治制度 君主立宪制 民主共和制 司法改革 官制改革 考试制度 法治 三级两审制 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-5579(2003)04-0010-06 |
Liang Qichao's Explorations of Modern Legal and Political Systems |
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| XIE Jun - mei.Liang Qichao''''s Explorations of Modern Legal and Political Systems[J].Journal of East China Normal University :Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition,2003,35(4):10-15,27. |
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| Authors: | XIE Jun - mei |
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| Institution: | XIE Jun - mei |
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| Abstract: | Based on the belief that China's absolute monarchy had to be changed, Liang Qichao proposed to adopt constitutional monarchy in the Hundred - Day Reform of 1898. After its failure he went into exile in Japan. Through his studies of Western and Japanese societies, he concluded that it was then immature to carry out constitutional monarchy since Chinese consciousness of democracy was still quite weak. The only choice was civilized autocracy. As to the official system reform, he advocated the Western examination system for selection of officials. He argued that social grassroots units should be autonomous with their administrators elected through voting, and administrative divisions should be reduced so as to strengthen centralization. He also stressed that the rule by law and rule by men should be in coordination with each other and even suggested that the judicial system be amended to two trials in three levels. Liang's thoughts of political and legal systems represented his reflections on the complicated political situation in modern China as well as his explorations of the possibility of China's political reform. It is of great significance both in theory and in practice today. |
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| Keywords: | constitutional monarchy democratic republic judicial reform |
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