| 1982-2012年南四湖湿地景观格局演变分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 范强,杜婷,杨俊,席建超,李雪铭,陈鹏.1982-2012年南四湖湿地景观格局演变分析[J].资源科学,2014,36(4):865-873. |
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| 作者姓名： | 范强 杜婷 杨俊 席建超 李雪铭 陈鹏 |
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| 作者单位： | 辽宁工程技术大学测绘学院, 阜新123000;自然地理与空间信息科学辽宁省重点实验室, 大连116029;自然地理与空间信息科学辽宁省重点实验室, 大连116029;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京100101;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京100101;自然地理与空间信息科学辽宁省重点实验室, 大连116029;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技部支撑计划：“南四湖核心区生态带构建技术及示范——南四湖核心区生态系统评估与演变趋势研究”（编号：2012BAC04B00）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 湿地资源具有重大的生产、生态效应。近年来,湿地丧失和退化越发严重,由此带来的生态环境问题自然成为人类关注的热点,湿地研究成为国内外学者研究的前沿领域。本研究以山东省南四湖多时序遥感与土地利用数据为基础,运用遥感和GIS技术,选取斑块密度(PD)、斑块类别面积(CA)、最大斑块指数(LPI)等景观格局指数,对南四湖1982-2012年的湿地景观格局与变化特征进行分析。研究结果表明:①1982年以来,南四湖自然湿地面积逐渐下降,由1982年的118 671.10hm2减少到2012年的69 525.63hm2;而人工湿地的面积逐年增加,2012年人工湿地达93 830.04hm2,南四湖湿地以人工湿地为主,其变化对南四湖湿地的影响较大;②对重要景观指数的计算表明:1982-2012年斑块个数(PD)逐年增加,且增长速度较快,主要是由于人口增长引起的建设用地面积不断增长;斑块平均面积(AREA-MN)在研究时期内呈逐年下降的趋势,说明南四湖湿地的破碎化程度在逐年加剧,人类活动对南四湖的影响越来越大;多样性指数(SHDI)呈波动状上升,说明研究范围内多样性逐年增大;景观均匀度(SHEI)变化不大,说明斑块类型在景观中趋于平衡。湿地景观格局的变化是自然因素和社会因素共同作用的结果,但更主要的原因为人类活动。
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| 关 键 词： | 南四湖 湿地 景观格局演变 |
Landscape Pattern Changes for Nansihu Wetland from 1982 to 2012 |
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| FAN Qiang,DU Ting,YANG Jun,XI Jianchao,LI Xueming and CHEN Peng.Landscape Pattern Changes for Nansihu Wetland from 1982 to 2012[J].Resources Science,2014,36(4):865-873. |
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| Authors: | FAN Qiang DU Ting YANG Jun XI Jianchao LI Xueming and CHEN Peng |
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| Institution: | Liaoning Technical University school of Geomatis, Fuxin 123000, China;Liaoning Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Geomatics, Dalian 116029, China;Liaoning Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Geomatics, Dalian 116029, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;Liaoning Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Geomatics, Dalian 116029, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China |
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| Abstract: | Wetland landscapes have an important impact on ecological balance and economics,but in recent years the loss and degradation of wetlands has resulted in serious environmental problems. Supported by remote sensing and GIS,multi-temporal TM images of Nansihu Lake in 1982,1992,2002,2009 and 2012 were used in this study and indices including patch area,fractal dimension index,diversity,dominance and contagion were used to analyze dynamic characteristics of wetland landscapes. We found that from 1982 to 2012,the natural wetland area decreased from 118 671.10hm2 to 69 525.63hm2. Artificial wetland areas increased to 93 830.04hm2. The proportion of artificial wetland area was larger than natural wetland. These changes had a huge impact on the wetland area of Nansihu Lake. According to patch area,fractal dimension index, diversity,dominance and contagion indices we found that from 1982 to 2012,PD increased more quickly because of the increase in construction area caused by the increase in population. The decrease of AREA-MN during the period of research indicates that the level of fragmentation was increasing;SHDI increased from 1982 to 2012. People have had a stronger influence on the wetland landscape than nature. SHEI changed a little,meaning that landscape patches are in balance. The change in wetland landscape pattern is the result of a combination of natural factors and social factors,while human activity has an important impact on wetland landscape patterns. |
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| Keywords: | Nansihu Lake wetland landscape pattern changes |
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