| 我国优秀田径运动员认知风格、竞赛焦虑与竞技水平发挥关系的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵丹,张绍礼.我国优秀田径运动员认知风格、竞赛焦虑与竞技水平发挥关系的研究[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2011,30(4):65-68. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵丹 张绍礼 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 辽宁科技大学体育部,辽宁鞍山,114051
2. 沈阳体育学院运动训练学院,辽宁沈阳,110102 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探讨我国田径运动员的认知风格、竞赛焦虑特征与竞技水平发挥的关系,采用镶嵌图形测验和竞赛状态焦虑问卷的方法,对我国15个省、市优秀田径运动员93人进行调查。结果显示:①我国优秀田径运动员有场依存者和场独立者,个体差异情况较大;田径运动员认知状态焦虑低于田径常模、躯体状态焦虑显著低于常模,状态自信心显著高于常模,场独立运动员躯体状态焦虑显著高于场依存运动员,认知状态焦虑更低而状态自信心更高。②认知风格与认知状态焦虑显著负相关,与躯体状态焦虑、状态自信心正相关,认知风格是影响认知状态焦虑的一个主因素。③两种认知风格运动员与竞技水平发挥率负相关,场独立运动员竞技水平发挥率更高;竞技水平发挥高组的运动员认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑更低,状态自信心更高;竞技水平发挥高组与认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑负相关,竞技水平发挥低组与认知状态焦虑负相关、与躯体状态焦虑正相关,两组运动员与状态自信心正相关;回归分析表明竞赛焦虑的三个维度均不能预测竞技水平发挥程度。
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| 关 键 词： | 优秀田径运动员 认知风格 竞赛焦虑 竞技水平发挥 |
Relations among Chinese Elite Athletes' Cognitive Style, Anxiety and Performance |
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| ZHAO Dan,ZHANG Shaoli.Relations among Chinese Elite Athletes' Cognitive Style, Anxiety and Performance[J].Journal of Shenyang Sport University,2011,30(4):65-68. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Dan ZHANG Shaoli |
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| Institution: | ZHAO Dan1,ZHANG Shaoli2(1.P.E.Department,Liaoning University of Science and Technology,Anshan 114051,Liaoning,China,2.School of Sports Training,Shenyang Sport University,Shenyang 110102,China) |
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| Abstract: | To explore the relations among China’s elite athletes’ cognitive style,competition Anxiety and performance,using Embedded Figures Test and the Competitive State Anxiety questionnaires,93 elite track and field athletes from 15 different provinces and cities in China were studied.The results showed:①some elite athletes have large individual differences.Some are field independent.Cognitive anxiety for track and field athletes was lower than the normal,and physical anxiety was significantly lower than the normal;the self-confidence was significantly higher than normal.Body state anxiety for field independent athletes was significantly higher than that for field dependent athletes.Their cognitive state anxiety was lower and state self-confidence was higher.②Cognitive state and cognitive anxiety were significantly negatively correlated,and somatic state anxiety,state self-confidence were positively correlated,cognitive style was a main factor for affecting the cognitive state anxiety.③Two cognitive styles and athletes’ competitive level were negatively correlated and field independent athletes performed much better in competition.Athletes who had higher competition level had lower cognitive anxiety and lower physical state anxiety,but higher state of self-confidence;for those athletes who had higher competition level,completive performance is highly negative correlated with cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety;while for those athletes who had poorer competition level,completive performance is highly positive correlated with cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety;regression analysis showed that the three factors of competitive anxiety cannot predict the performance of competition level. |
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| Keywords: | elite athletes cognitive style competition anxiety performance of competition level |
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