| 我国残疾青少年体质健康标准研制的探索 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈华卫,吴雪萍.我国残疾青少年体质健康标准研制的探索[J].武汉体育学院学报,2001,54(1):93-100. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈华卫 吴雪萍 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 上海体育学院 体育教育训练学院, 上海 200438;2. 南京航空航天大学 体育部, 江苏 南京 210016 |
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| 基金项目： | 江苏省社会科学基金研究成果（17TYB007）；教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（19YJC890003）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 我国残疾学生体质健康标准的长期缺位导致了残疾青少年体质健康评估、体力活动促进和特殊体育与健康教育等问题解决乏力。我国亟待研制适合残疾青少年的体质健康标准，评价和监测其体质健康状况及趋势，促成相关政策和措施的实施，引导社会关注残疾青少年的健康促进。在借鉴欧美国家残疾青少年健康体适能测试标准研制的基础之上，综合我国普通学生体质健康标准的实施现状，认为我国残疾学生体质健康标准的研制在理念上应与普通青少年体质健康标准应有所区别，以"健康"而不是"运动能力与素质"为目标与导向；测试内容和指标的选择应充分考虑其身体的发育和残疾特征，与其未来健康风险紧密关联；评价标准的设置应采取标准参照而不是常模参照的方式，根据健康风险标准与测试指标的关联制定标准。
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| 关 键 词： | 残疾青少年 体质健康标准 健康体适能 身体成分 有氧功能 骨骼肌功能 |
Developing Chinese Standards of Physical Fitness and Health for Youngsters with Disabilities |
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| CHEN Huawei,WU Xueping.Developing Chinese Standards of Physical Fitness and Health for Youngsters with Disabilities[J].Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education,2001,54(1):93-100. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Huawei WU Xueping |
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| Institution: | 1. School of P. E. and Sport Training, Shanghai Univ. of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China;2. P. E. Dept., Nanjing Univ. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China |
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| Abstract: | The lack of standards of physical fitness and health for youngsters with disabilities(YD) leads to many problems in evaluation of fitness, promotion of physical activity and adapted physical and health education. China has been endeavored to construct standards of physical fitness and health for YD in order to assess and supervise the condition and trend of physical fitness and health of YD, facilitate the supplement of relative policies and measures, and arouse the attention of the society to promote health of YD. The experience of physical fitness test in the United States and Europe as well as the reality in China shows that the development of standards of physical fitness and health for YD should show be different from that for the normal youngsters and orient on health rather than motor skills and performance. The choice of test items is in view of physical characteristics, growth and needs of youngsters with disability, and relate to the latent health risk. Evaluation should be based on criterion-referenced rather than norm-referenced, and build the standards according to the correlation. |
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| Keywords: | youngsters with disability standard physical fitness and health physi body composition aerobic function skeletal muscle function |
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