| 从模仿到创新:知识类型与组织学习方式的适配与转化 |
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| 引用本文： | 张骁,杨忠.从模仿到创新:知识类型与组织学习方式的适配与转化[J].研究与发展管理,2007,19(5):32-37,94. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张骁 杨忠 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京大学,管理学院,南京,210093 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金;教育部哲学社会科学创新基地南京大学经济转型和发展研究中心 |
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| 摘 要： | 对于技术落后的企业，其缩小与技术先进企业之间技术差距的努力往往是从模仿开始．随着差距的不断缩小，具有超凡学习能力的技术落后企业将经历从纯粹的模仿到创造性模仿，再到局部创新，直至自主创新的整个赶超过程．由于技术差距主要是企业间的知识差异造成的，因此获取知识，尤其是技术核心知识将是实现赶超目的的关键．在这一过程中，组织学习是获取、利用以及扩散知识的主要手段．由于知识本身的特性，从模仿到创新的各个阶段将有不同的知识学习的重点，这要求有不同的组织学习方式与目标知识相适配以有效地获取、吸收和利用知识，同时企业从一个阶段向另一个阶段迈进时，随着目标知识的变化，与之相适配的组织学习方式也会相应地进行转化．
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| 关 键 词： | 模仿 创新 隐性知识 显性知识 组织学习 |
| 文章编号： | 1004-8308（2007）05-0032-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-05-082006-12-25 |
From Imitation to Innovation:The Matching Between Types of Knowledge and Organizational Learning Styles and the Transformation of the Relationship |
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| ZHANG Xiao,YANG Zhong.From Imitation to Innovation:The Matching Between Types of Knowledge and Organizational Learning Styles and the Transformation of the Relationship[J].R&d Management,2007,19(5):32-37,94. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Xiao YANG Zhong |
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| Institution: | School of Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China |
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| Abstract: | Generally, enterprises lagging in technology begin their endeavor to narrow the gap between their technology and that of technologically advanced enterprises with imitation. As the gap is constantly narrowed, those enterprises with backward technology but extraordinary learning capacity will experience the catching-up process from pure imitation to creative imitation, and then from partial innovation to independent innovation. As technology gap between enterprises is mainly caused by their knowledge gap, acquiring knowledge, core technological knowledge in particular, is the key to bridging technology gap. And organizational learning is an important means of knowledge acquisition, application and dissemination. Due to the characteristics of knowledge, different stages from imitation to innovation will have different learning focuses, which requires that different organizational learning styles should adapt to the target knowledge as so to ensure effective acquisition, assimilation and application of knowledge. As the enterprise advances from one stage to another and its target knowledge changes, organizational learning styles should be adjusted correspondingly. |
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| Keywords: | imitation innovation implicit knowledge explicit knowledge organizational learning |
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