| 美国“扩大学徒制”计划动向与启示 |
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| 作者姓名： | 伏梦瑶 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学教育学部职业教育与成人教育研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 自2017年起,基于实施"再工业化"战略的需要且因面临严峻的技能差距问题,美国开始实施"扩大学徒制"计划。通过颁布总统令、以劳动部牵头、组建工作组等从上至下的路径进行推进,扩大学徒制的人员,扩大学徒制的方式,如推广注册学徒制、建立行业认证学徒制,最终达到了学徒的数量明显增加、失业问题有所缓解、新型体系初步成型、辅助技术有所突破等目标。这对我国现代学徒制的启示则是:巧妙引入多主体参与,适当扩大培养对象的范围,合理构建网络信息平台。
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| 关 键 词： | 美国 扩大学徒制 注册学徒制 行业认证学徒制 现代学徒制 |
Trends and Enlightenments of the "Apprenticeship Expansion" Program in the United States |
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| Authors: | FU Meng-yao |
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| Institution: | (Institute of Vocational and Adult Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China) |
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| Abstract: | Due to the need to implement the"re-industrialization"strategy and facing a severe skill gap, the US has implemented the"Apprenticeship Expansion"program since 2017 by adopting a presidential decree, taking the lead of the Ministry of Labor, and forming a working group to make a top-down path. The program has expanded the apprenticeship system, promoted the registered apprenticeship, and established the industry-certified apprenticeship system. Eventually, the number of apprentices has increased significantly, the unemployment problem has been alleviated, the new system has been initially formed, and the assistive technology has achieved success. Enlightenments to the modern apprenticeship in China is ingeniously introducing multi-subject participation, appropriately expanding the range of cultivated subjects, and rationally construct a network information platform. |
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| Keywords: | the United States apprenticeship expansion registered apprenticeship industry-recognized apprenticeship modern apprenticeship |
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