| 从“谌”“忱”二字看周人的天命观 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵琪.从“谌”“忱”二字看周人的天命观[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2012(4):84-87. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵琪 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学 历史学院,北京,100875 |
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| 摘 要： | 《尚书·周书》及《诗经》中经常出现类似"天棐忱(谌)"的语句,前辈学者大多认为"棐"是"匪"的假借,而"忱(谌)"的意思则为"信",因此"天棐忱"的意思就是天不可信。按从"甚"、从"冘"之字常有"极"、"盛"之义,还有"因超出一定限度从而导致过度"之义;故"谌"、"忱"二字皆有"因过度相信从而导致迷信"的意思,则所谓"天棐忱"可以理解为天不可迷信。同时,周人还将对天的不可迷信与天命所归乃在民心结合在一起,二者共同构成周人天命观的主要内容。
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| 关 键 词： | 周代 周公 《周书》 谌(忱) 天命 民心 |
To See People's Destiny Ideology in Zhou Dynasty via the Character "Chen" |
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| ZHAO Qi.To See People's Destiny Ideology in Zhou Dynasty via the Character "Chen"[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Science Edition),2012(4):84-87. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Qi |
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| Abstract: | The expression 天棐忱(谌) (tian fei chen) frequently occurs in Zhou Shu (The Book of Zhou) in Shangshu (The Book of Ancient Times) and Shijing (The Book of Songs). Most former scholars thought that 棐 should be a phonetic loan character of 匪, and the meaning of 忱(谌) is 信 (belief). Therefore, 天棐忱(谌) may be interpreted as that ‘the heaven is not believable’. However, characters made up of 甚 and 冘 usually bear the semantic feature of ‘extreme’ and ‘abundant’, or ‘being excessive for surpassing certain degree’. Accordingly, the characters 谌 and 忱 both have the ‘superstitious’ feature led by excessive belief. Then天棐忱(谌) should be understood as that ‘human beings should not believe the heaven superstitiously’. The Zhou people combine the latter with that ‘destiny lies in the common aspiration of the people’, and the two co-constitute the main part of the destiny ideology of the Zhou people. |
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| Keywords: | Zhou Dynasty title of nobility in Zhou character of 谌(忱) destiny common aspiration of people |
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