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| 中国自然资源要素综合观测网络构建与关键技术 | |
| 引用本文： | 刘晓煌,刘晓洁,程书波,高学民,郧文聚,付宇佳.中国自然资源要素综合观测网络构建与关键技术[J].资源科学,2020,42(10):1849-1859. |
| 作者姓名： | 刘晓煌 刘晓洁 程书波 高学民 郧文聚 付宇佳 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心,北京 100055 2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101 3. 河南理工大学应急管理学院,焦作 454000 4. 自然资源部科技发展司,北京 100812 5. 自然资源部国土整治中心,北京 100035 6. 中国地质大学（武汉）地球物理与空间信息学院,武汉 430074 |
| 基金项目： | 全国自然资源要素综合观测体系规划与部署项目(DD20208063);自然资源要素综合观测数据集成与应用服务项目(DD20208067) |
| 摘 要： | 新形势下中国的自然资源管理由单资源分部门管理,转为以山水林田湖草生命共同体发展理念和地球系统科学理论指导下的“两统一”集中管理,不仅要综合考虑某种资源状态变化引起的其他相关资源状态的变化,还要考虑对国土空间生态环境的影响和规划,更要考虑未来的资源状态对国家重大决策的安全保障。因此,构建全国自然资源要素综合观测体系对国家生态文明建设有序发展具有十分重要的意义。本文论述了国内外现有观测网研究特点和不足,明确了全国自然资源综合观测网络构建的基本思路与原则;提出了包括要素、技术、质控、服务和运维五维一体的总体框架,采用自然资源综合区划与观测台站布设技术、自然资源要素耦合机理与指标选取技术、多源数据整合与数据处理技术、模型模拟技术与自然资源综合评价4种关键技术,开展自然资源要素长期、稳定、连续综合观测,探索自然资源各要素间的耦合关系、变化动因机制和演化趋势,解决认识自然生态变化规律、预判发展趋势的基础数据支撑能力不足问题,服务于新形势下国家自然资源统一管理和重大资源战略决策。 |
| 关 键 词： | 综合观测网络 统一管理 自然资源 总体框架 关键技术 安全保障 基础数据 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-06-04 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-08-07 |
Construction of a national natural resources comprehensive observation system and key technologies |
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| LIU Xiaohuang,LIU Xiaojie,CHENG Shubo,GAO Xuemin,YUN Wenju,FU Yujia.Construction of a national natural resources comprehensive observation system and key technologies[J].Resources Science,2020,42(10):1849-1859. | |
| Authors: | LIU Xiaohuang LIU Xiaojie CHENG Shubo GAO Xuemin YUN Wenju FU Yujia |
| Abstract: | Under the new situation of socioeconomic development in China, natural resource management is being transformed from managed by individual resources and single government departments into a centralized management of “two unifications” guided by the principle of “land, water, forest, agricultural field, lake, and grassland life community” of the earth system science. In this process, not only the impact on and planning of the ecological environment of the territorial space, but also the future state of resources must be considered to ensure the safety of major decisions in the country. Therefore, the construction of a national comprehensive observation system of natural resources is very important for the orderly development of the country’s ecological civilization. The construction of a nation-wide natural resources observation system is meaningful to a nation’s ecological progress. This research examined the traits and shortcomings of the Chinese and international observation networks. Based on the analysis, necessity, basic ideas, and principles of the system were developed. The framework of the observation network includes five parts: factors, technologies, quality control, services, and operation and maintenance. Four types of technologies are used, which include natural resources zoning and observation station layout technique, coupling mechanism of natural resource elements and indicator selection technique, multi-source data integration and data processing technique, and simulation technique and comprehensive evaluation of natural resources. The observation network will provide long-term, stable, and constant comprehensive observations of natural resources, in order to explore the coupling relationships of the factors of natural resources, driving factors and mechanisms of change, and trends. The network serves to protect and manage the environment of the country, provide data support for solving the global climate issues, and finally to contribute to the nation’s centralized management of natural resources and resource-related strategic decisions. |
| Keywords: | comprehensive observation system unified management natural resources general framework key technologies security basic data |
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