| 中国乌头属药用植物比较解剖学的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李鸣,冯毓秀,肖培根.中国乌头属药用植物比较解剖学的研究[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,1991,29(2):97-112. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李鸣 冯毓秀 肖培根 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文对中国乌头属Aconitum三亚属53种及变种的药用植物进行了比较解剖学的研究。纳出该属植物根部组织构造的6大类型和18种亚型，找出了鉴定乌头类药材的解剖学特征。并结合植物分类学。化学分类学、细胞染色体和毒性，探讨了该属组织构造与植物系统演化之间的相关性。结果表明根部具有较进化的I型和II型构造的植物，含毒性很大的双酯型生物碱，主要存在于乌头亚属乌头组3，5-11系中；较原始的Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型及少数小根类Ⅱ型构造的植物，含毒性较小的阿替生和胺醇类生物碱，主要存在于露蕊乌头亚属和乌头亚属乌头组1—2系；更原始的V型和Ⅵ型构造的植物，含毒性更小的牛扁碱型生物碱，主要存在于牛扁亚属中。本文还从解剖学的角度对乌头属下等级的系统位置作了讨沦。
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| 关 键 词： | 乌头属 牛扁亚属 乌扁亚属 露蕊乌头亚属 比较解剖学 系统发育 |
Comparative Anatomical Studies on Chinese Medicinal Plants of the Genus Aconitum |
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| Li Ming,Feng Yu-Xiu,Xiao Pei-Gen.Comparative Anatomical Studies on Chinese Medicinal Plants of the Genus Aconitum[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,1991,29(2):97-112. |
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| Authors: | Li Ming Feng Yu-Xiu Xiao Pei-Gen |
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| Abstract: | This paper reports the result of comparative anatomical studies on medicinal
roots of 53 species and varieties in the genus Aconitum from China. The anatomical struc-
tures of the roots can be classified into 6 types and 18 subtypes according to the level of their
evolution. The anatomy of Aconitum roots is discussed in relation to phylogeny based on
chemotaxonomy, cytology and other related disciplines.
It was found that the six types of Aconitum roots are correlated with chemical compo-
nents, chromosomes, toxicity and the gross morphology. The relatively advanced Types I
and II roots always contain highly toxic alkaloids of diterpenoid diester of aconitine type, dis-
tributed mainly in Ser. 3, 5-11 of Sect. Aconitum of Subgen. Aconitum, while the relatively
primitive Types III, IV and II roots with small diameters contain mainly atisine and aminal
alcohol alkaloids, which have lower toxicity, present in Subgen. Gymnaconitum and Ser. 1,
2 of Sect. Aconitum of Subgen. Aconitum. The primitive Types V and VI roots of Subgen.
Lycoctonum contain mainly the most low-toxic alkaloids of lycoctonine Type. The result is
of significance both in theory or practice for the development of medicinal plant resourcesand the safety of clinical usage of these of plants. |
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| Keywords: | Aconitum Subgen Lycoctonum Subgen Aconitum Subgen Gymnaconitum comparative anatomy phylogeny |
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