| “三泵集成”打造海洋CO2负排放生态工程 |
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| 引用本文： | 王誉泽,鲁鋆,刘纪化,张传伦.“三泵集成”打造海洋CO2负排放生态工程[J].中国科学院院刊,2021,36(3):279-287. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王誉泽 鲁鋆 刘纪化 张传伦 |
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| 作者单位： | 南方科技大学 海洋科学与工程系 深圳 518055;南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)深圳分部 深圳 518055;山东大学 海洋研究院 青岛 266237;南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 珠海 519000;南方科技大学 海洋科学与工程系 深圳 518055;南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)深圳分部 深圳 518055;南方科技大学 深圳海洋地球古菌组学重点实验室 深圳 518055;上海佘山地球物理国家野外科学观测研究站 上海 201602 |
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| 摘 要： | 微型生物(包括细菌、古菌和病毒)是海洋碳循环的巨大幕后推手,在全球气候变化中发挥了举足轻重的作用。大气二氧化碳(CO_2)由海洋藻类生物转变成可沉降有机组分(生物泵),经过细菌和古菌及其他生物和病毒作用(微型生物碳泵),在广阔水体中产生的惰性有机碳(RDOC)可在千年时间尺度上被封存,其伴随颗粒物进一步沉降到海底由底栖微生物作用变成碳酸盐矿物(碳酸盐碳泵)得以更长时间尺度的封存。文章在充分了解海洋微生物过程和机制的基础上,阐述"三泵(生物泵、微型生物碳泵、碳酸盐碳泵)集成"的固碳、储碳原理和优势;采用人工智能手段,制定海洋负排放工程可行性方案,为海洋碳封存提供可监测、可报告、可核查的理论依据和实验场景。从科学原理上,该方案的实施将可望助力我国2060年实现碳中和的宏伟目标。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物泵 微型生物碳泵 碳酸盐碳泵 海洋碳封存 海洋负排放生态工程 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/3/4 0:00:00 |
Advocating Eco-engineering Approach for Ocean Carbon Negative Emission |
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| WANG Yuze,LU Yun,LIU Jihu,ZHANG Chuanlun.Advocating Eco-engineering Approach for Ocean Carbon Negative Emission[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2021,36(3):279-287. |
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| Authors: | WANG Yuze LU Yun LIU Jihu ZHANG Chuanlun |
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| Institution: | Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;Shenzhen Branch, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Shenzhen 518055, China;Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China; Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;Shenzhen Branch, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Shenzhen 518055, China;Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory, Shanghai 201602, China |
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| Abstract: | Micro-organisms such as bacteria, archaea, and viruses are an immense invisible driving force behind the ocean carbon cycle and play a pivotal role in global climate change. Atmospheric CO2 is transformed into depositing organic components with the help of marine planktonic organisms which act as a biological pump (BP). The labile organic components are then transformed into recalcitrant organic carbon (RDOC) through the action of bacteria, archaea, and other organisms and viruses, which are called the microbial carbon pump (MCP). RDOC can be stored over thousands of years in the water column and the accompanying particulate organic matter can further settle on the seafloor and be transformed into carbonate minerals (carbonate carbon pump, CCP) by the action of benthic microorganisms for storage over a longer time period. Based on a full understanding of marine microbial processes and mechanisms, this article explains the principles and advantages of carbon sequestration and carbon storage integrated with BP, MCP, and CCP by using an eco-engineering approach to develop ocean negative emission strategies. The engineering feasibility plan, facilitated with artificial intelligence measures, provides a theoretical basis and experimental scenario that can be monitored, reported, and verified for ocean carbon storage. The implementation of this plan will provide valuable information for achieving the important goal of carbon neutrality by 2060. |
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| Keywords: | biological pump (BP) microbial carbon pump (MCP) carbonate carbon pump (CCP) marine carbon storage ocean carbon negative emission geoengineering |
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